37,925,712 papers found

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether children exposed to 2 languages would benefit from the phonotactic probability cues of a single language in the same way as monolingual peers and to determine whether crosslinguistic influence would be present in a fast-mapping task. METHOD: Two groups of typ…

This research examined whether peer relationships amongst ethnic minority status children reflect the social groups to which children belong and the degree to which they identify with these groups. A longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the influence of group identities (i.e., ethnic and national) on childre…

PURPOSE: (1) To explore the experience of non-English-speaking mothers with preterm, very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (,1,500 g); and (2) to examine mothers' assessment of a peer support program matching them with linguistically and culturally similar parent-buddies. DESIGN: An exploratory, qualitative analysis ba…

OBJECTIVE: Comparison of normative data in English and Dutch speech sound development in young children. Research questions were: Which normative data are present concerning speech sound development in children between two and six years of age? In which way are the speech sounds examined? What are the differences and s…

Calabria and Rossetti (2005) demonstrated that spatial biases related to the mental number line can be seen even when bisecting strings of number words. Strings of smaller magnitude number words were bisected further to the left than strings of larger magnitude number words. The current study investigated whether the l…

PURPOSE: A field test of a survey instrument under development, the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes, Experimental Edition (POSHA-E), designed to investigate language-, culture-, and nation-specific public opinions about stuttering is reported. This investigation compared English and French versions of the POS…

BACKGROUND: To address the issue of cancer disparities among women whose first language is not English, researchers and public health educators are challenged to develop culturally and linguistically appropriate material and instruments. METHODS: This study documents the process used to linguistically and culturally t…

Ophthalmic nurses at Sydney Hospital Sydney Eye Hospital aimed to assess and evaluate the knowledge and resulting behaviours of patients using eye drop therapy for glaucoma and the effect that using interpreters or English speaking family members had on patients' understanding and compliance. Non-compliance is known to…

It is uncertain from previous research to what extent the perceptual system retains plasticity after attunement to the native language (L1) sound system. This study evaluated second-language (L2) vowel discrimination by individuals who began learning the L2 as children ("early learners"). Experiment 1 identified proced…

This cross-sectional study of age matched (10-11 years), pre-menarcheal girls in England and Malaysia investigated the effect of ethnicity on resting metabolic rate (RMR). The children were recruited from schools in Oxford, England, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and all measurements were conducted in the schools. The Mal…

The purpose of this research was to provide sufficient information to the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) to make a defensible recommended passing standard for English proficiency. This standard was based upon the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). A large panel of nurses and nurse regul…

Biliary papillomatosis is rare. Before 1993, there were only 21 cases reported in the English literature. This article reports our experience in managing this disease and reviews experiences from recent English literature. A retrospective review of patients with biliary papillomatosis was conducted in our institution.…

Progressive retinal atrophies (PRA) are a heterogeneous group of inherited eye diseases common to both dogs and man. Over 100 individual canine breeds display some sort of retinal degeneration, making the dog an extremely valuable resource both for finding the genetic determinants of inherited blindness and for develop…

This study investigated question production in agrammatic aphasia, focusing on the comparison between Wh questions and yes/no questions and on the interaction between the question production deficit and language-specific properties. A total of 16 agrammatic aphasics (13 Hebrew speakers, 2 Palestinian Arabic speakers, a…

Prelinguistic babbling often seems remarkably speech-like, not because it has recognizable words but because it seems to have adult-like prosody. To quantify this impression, we compared disyllabic sequences from five infants and five adults in terms of the use of frequency, intensity, and duration to mark stress. Sign…

This study was conducted to determine whether health education materials were more effective when written at a lower rather than a higher reading level. Women (n = 252) who visited public health maternity clinics selected either English- or Spanish-language health designed to discourage alcohol use, depending on whethe…

The idea that conscious awareness of a recognizable image is necessary for it to evoke the recognition potential (RP) was tested by asking bilingual subjects to selectively attend to superimposed English and Chinese word images. The subjects detected most of the words in the attended language, but were largely obliviou…

The silent period hypothesis was investigated by examining the speech development of AO, a Polish-speaking child, who emigrated to the U.S. at age 7 years, 5 months, and placed in the second grade of a rural Missouri school district in which there was no instruction of English as a second-language. AO was observed for…

The traditional account of the acquisition of English verb morphology supposes that a dual architecture underlies the transition from early rote-learning processes (in which past tense forms of verbs are correctly produced) to the systematic treatment of verbs (in which irregular verbs are prone to error). A connection…

Discrimination of voice onset time (VOT) by 6--12-month-old infants was examined in 2 experiments. An operant head-turning technique assessed discrimination along a synthetic VOT continuum ranging from -70 msec to +70 msec. Infants from an English-speaking environment provided reliable within-subject evidence for discr…