381,590 papers found

This article provides a meta-analytic review of the experimental effects of media violence on viewers' aggression in unstructured social interaction. In the reviewed experiments, children or adolescents were exposed to violent or control presentations and their postexposure behavior was coded for aggression during spon…

Despite publication of the Approved Code of Practice and the Notes for Guidance, implementation of the UK Ionising Radiation Regulations has required local interpretation by nuclear medicine departments. One problem has been the lack of data upon which decisions can be based. In the last five years we and others have m…

BACKGROUND: Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) causes significant pain and disability in patients. Current conservative treatment for PVD is often limited to physical exercise. However, several recent studies have investigated the effects of physical therapy modalities in patients with PVD. OBJECTIVE: This systematic r…

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Accurate polyp measurement is vital for colorectal cancer treatment and surveillance. Traditional methods are often unreliable. The FDA-approved Virtual Scale Endoscopy (VSE) provides real-time, laser-calibrated overlays to improve size measurements. This meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic accu…

OBJECTIVE: Gastrointestinal adverse effects are the most commonly reported adverse effects associated with the use of antidepressants. While existing studies on the gastrointestinal effects of antidepressant medications offer valuable insights, there are still opportunities to enhance the evidence base. METHODS: We in…

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of lisdexamfetamine, topiramate, and naltrexone/bupropion for treating binge eating disorder (BED) using network meta-analysis. METHOD: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Central up to February 2025 for randomized controlled trials…

BACKGROUND: The combination of neuromodulation interventions with robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) for enhancing lower limb motor function recovery in stroke patients remains contentious. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the effects of neuromodulation combined with RAGT on patients with lower limb motor dy…

PURPOSE: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of the abutment material on peri-implant soft tissue health and stability. STUDY SELECTION: An electronic and hand search was conducted until February 2022. Only prospective randomized trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) comparing titanium ab…

INTRODUCTION: The morbidity related to long-term steroid therapy has led to continued interest in withdrawal of steroids from immunosuppressant regimens after renal transplantation. A number of recent trials have provided long-term information regarding the risks and benefits of steroid avoidance or withdrawal (SAW).…

The review aimed at quantifying the evidence of performance effects resulting from occupational exposure to manganese. Epidemiological studies published between 1987 and 2008 were analyzed. The approach was based on the meta-analytical method of effect size estimates and sought to contribute to the following issues: (1…

BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies hold substantial promise for identifying common genetic variants that regulate susceptibility to complex diseases. However, for the detection of small genetic effects, single studies may be underpowered. Power may be improved by combining genome-wide datasets with meta-analyt…

Establishing the overall efficacy or safety of a drug requires a unified methodological approach and analysis of all clinical trials to be included. As an example, this paper presents the aggregated dose-response relationship of efficacy data and a last-value analysis of laboratory data across all studies of the antihy…

Because individual studies evaluating the role of quinidine in the maintenance of sinus rhythm after cardioversion from chronic atrial fibrillation have involved relatively few patients, a meta-analysis of randomized control trials was performed. Six trials published between 1970 and 1984 were selected by two blinded r…

OBJECTIVE: Immunotherapy has emerged as a therapeutic alternative to chemotherapy (CT) for perioperative treatment of resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The objective is to perform a network meta-analysis comparing the perioperative efficacy of immunotherapies in resectable NSCLC taking into account tumor e…

Inflation in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics represents a major challenge, for which correction methods have been developed. These include the genomic control (GC) method, which uses the λ-value to correct summary statistics, and the linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSR) method,…

To perform a meta-analysis of published reports in an attempt to determine the mean and range of normal ambulatory blood pressure (BP), 23 studies including a total of 3,476 normal subjects were reviewed. Most studies were compatible with a mean 24-h BP in the range of 115-120/70-75 mmHg, a mean day time BP of 120-125/…

The role of oral steroids in the treatment of otitis media with effusion in children is the subject of ongoing debate. To critically evaluate the existing evidence, we performed a formal meta-analysis of six randomized clinical trials (n = 264 children) selected from 14 articles and abstracts. Children receiving steroi…

Although sample size calculation is mandatory in clinical trials, the power of most of the published small size clinical studies, was only about 0.25 instead of 0.80 which is normally required in a standard randomized controlled trial. This phenomenon is probably due to the publication bias. In a cancer clinical study,…

Intuitively, one would assume that the benefit from the use of thrombolytic therapy in reducing mortality in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is directly related to early recanalization of the thrombosed infarct-related artery. However, a meta-analysis of early clinical trials and the ISIS-II trial results suggests th…

An overview is presented of 23 trials of adjuvant chemotherapy in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. These were reviewed from the point of view of design of the trial, analysis of survival, response rates, meta-analysis, site of failure, toxicity and cost. The minimal increase in survival that could be detec…