391,898 papers found

A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials of fibrinolysis was performed, examining the interaction between aspirin and fibrinolysis in treating patients with acute myocardial infarction. Reductions in the odds of death up to 35 days were assessed for patients receiving tissue plasminogen activator or streptokinase…

We performed a meta-analysis of 25 randomized control trials that compared endoscopic hemostasis with standard therapy for bleeding peptic ulcer. For recurrent or continued bleeding, the mean rate in control patients was 0.39, and the pooled rate difference, or reduction due to therapy, was 0.27 +/- 0.15 (95% confidenc…

BACKGROUND: Anti-angiogenic therapy, particularly small-molecule inhibitors targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), has emerged as a promising approach for treating bone and soft tissue sarcomas. This study aimed to systematically compare the efficacy and safety of different small-molecule an…

BACKGROUND: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a common consequence of cancer and its treatments, with mild but significant deficits in memory, attention or executive function. These symptoms negatively affect survivors' quality of life, daily functioning, and return to work. Physical exercise is a promising…

Numerous studies have established a U- or J-shaped association between ambient temperature and human mortality by analyzing time-series data collected from multiple locations. However, this association has changed over time owing to climate change and adaptive behaviors, such as the increased use of air conditioning. T…

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects and morbidities associated with perioperatively administered analgesics in paediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomised controlled trials. PARTICIPANTS: Paediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy…

INTRODUCTION: Overweight and obesity are major global health issues, increasing disease risk and straining healthcare systems. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are effective for weight loss but cause gastrointestinal side effects, affecting adherence. Research often focuses on diabetics, leaving a…

Multi-gene panel testing allows efficient detection of pathogenic variants in cancer susceptibility genes including moderate-risk genes such as ATM and PALB2. A growing number of studies examine the risk of breast cancer (BC) conferred by pathogenic variants of these genes. A meta-analysis combining the reported risk e…

BACKGROUND: The best initial strategy for managing epistaxis is unclear. We performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the effectiveness of various noninvasive treatments for patients with epistaxis. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to September…

PURPOSE: Our main purpose was to determine whether the addition of thoracic radiation therapy to systemic chemotherapy improves 2-year survival, improves local (intrathoracic) tumor control, and affects treatment-related mortality in patients with limited-stage small-cell carcinoma of the lung. DESIGN: Eleven randomiz…

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of liver toxicity from the long-term administration of methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or psoriatic arthritis. DESIGN: A meta-analysis of 15 studies examining the relationship between long-term, low-dose methotrexate administration and biopsy evidence of liver…

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy among women worldwide. Despite curative-intent treatment, 10%-30% of patients experience treatment failure due to persistent or recurrent disease within five years. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown clinical benefit in phase 3 trials, yet no…

OBJECTIVE: Immunotherapy has emerged as a therapeutic alternative to chemotherapy (CT) for perioperative treatment of resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The objective is to perform a network meta-analysis comparing the perioperative efficacy of immunotherapies in resectable NSCLC taking into account tumor e…

Inflation in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics represents a major challenge, for which correction methods have been developed. These include the genomic control (GC) method, which uses the λ-value to correct summary statistics, and the linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSR) method,…

BACKGROUND: Cesarean section (CS) rates have increased globally, necessitating effective anesthesia management. Single-shot spinal anesthesia has limitations due to its duration and the dose-limiting adverse effects of local anesthetics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of intrathecal adjuvants com…

BACKGROUND: Uncertainty quantification is central to evidence synthesis for risk assessment and policy-making. Frequentist meta-analysis - currently predominant in epidemiology - quantifies uncertainty through confidence intervals, while Bayesian meta-analysis provides posterior distributions. We performed frequentist…

BACKGROUND: Antipsychotics are the treatment of choice for schizophrenia, but they often induce akathisia. However, comparative efficacy of treatment strategies for akathisia remains unclear. DESIGN: We performed a systematic review and network meta-analyses (PROSPERO CRD42023450720). We searched multiple databases on…

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is beneficial for enhancing blood sugar monitoring and mental health in diabetic patients, but no studies have compared all CBT formats to determine which one is more effective. This review compared different delivery formats for CBT for di…

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of different exercise training modalities and doses on pain and function in older adults with osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip and/or knee. DATA SOURCES: We searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus from inception until December 2024. STUD…

In a recent review of nonbehavioral child and adolescent psychotherapy, it was concluded that the magnitude of methodological flaws in this body of research precluded an evaluation of effectiveness. However, recent quantitative reviews of child and adolescent therapy have concluded that nonbehavioral therapy is relativ…