42,349 papers found

OBJECTIVE: Primary brain tumors are the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in children and pose difficult questions for the treating physician regarding issues such as the risk/benefit of performing a biopsy, the accuracy of monitoring methods, and the availability of prognostic indicators. It has been recently…

Psychostimulants are the recommended first-line pharmacological treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate is one of the most commonly used psychostimulants worldwide. Given that immediate-release and/or tablet/capsule formulations may decrease adherence to methylphenidate treatment,…

BACKGROUND: To further evaluate the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) for the treatment of branch retinal vein occlusion in a meta-analysis of previous studies. METHODS: Pertinent publications were identified through systemic searches of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register up to July 201…

BACKGROUND: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) use remains prevalent globally and is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, variations in product composition, particularly between Scandinavian snus and alkaline, unfermented preparations such as Nawar, may influence risk profiles. METHODS: We conducted a systemati…

INTRODUCTION: The head impulse test (HIT) and HIT combined with direction-changing Nystagmus-Test of Skew deviation (HINTS) have been proposed as bedside tests to differentiate between peripheral and central causes of vertigo in the emergency department (ED). We conducted a meta-analysis of the HIT and HINTS tests to d…

BACKGROUND: Patients with a history of primary brain tumors can be eligible for organ donation under extended criteria. The risk assessment of tumor transmissionorgan transplant in primary brain tumors is primarily based on the assessment of tumor histotype and grade. Previous surgeries, chemo-/radiotherapy, and ventri…

CONTEXT: Thrombotic occlusion is 1 of the most frequent complications in catheters implanted in children. OBJECTIVE: To identify the interventions used to treat thrombotic events in long-term central venous catheters in pediatric patients with cancer. DATA SOURCES: Electronic searches were performed in the Cumulative…

OBJECTIVE: To establish the reliability of the application of National Health and Safety Network (NHSN) central-line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) criteria within established reporting systems internationally. DESIGN: Diagnostic-test accuracy systematic review. METHODS: We conducted a search of Medline, S…

BACKGROUND: Assessment of events by adjudication committees (ACs) is recommended in multicentre randomised controlled trials (RCTs). However, its usefulness has been questioned. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this systematic review was to compare 1) treatment effect estimates of subjective clinical events assessed by onsite a…

: Macular Telangiectasia Type 2 (MacTel type 2) is a rare, progressive retinal disease that can lead to central vision loss. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis, monitoring, and prognostic assessment of this condition. This narrative review aims to summarize the clinical featu…

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex cluster of metabolic abnormalities, including central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and impaired glucose metabolism. Growing evidence indicates that MetS is not only a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease but is also strongly associated with the…

BACKGROUND: The eyes and the central nervous system (CNS) develop from the same embryonic tissue which explains why retinal changes have been observed in various neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. These changes can be visualized in vivo on a cellular and subcellular level using optical coherence tomograp…

This study aims to identify the effectiveness of exercise in chronic tension-type headache and chronic migraine.The PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes, Study design) strategy was followed, where P-patients with chronic tension-type headache or chronic migraine; I-exercise; C-conventional treatment; O…

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide, and so continued research into new treatment options remains a priority. No systematic review has yet analysed the effectiveness and safety of higher-dose aflibercept across the available literature. We aimed to systematically e…

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated neurodegenerative disease that involves attacks of inflammatory demyelination and axonal damage, with variable but continuous disability accumulation. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive method to characterize conduction loss and axonal dama…

INTRODUCTION: Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors have recently been approved for clinical use against several B-cell indolent lymphoid malignancies, both as single agents or in combination. One second-generation BTK inhibitor that is being developed for the treatment of B-cell hematological malignancies, as well…

INTRODUCTION: The brain is the most complex organ in the human body, with a high and constant demand for inputs. Adequate nutrition is essential for the complete functioning of the brain, not only due to the energy supply, mainly from carbohydrates, but also due to the adequate supply of other macronutrients and micron…

Flavonoids are an important class of natural polyphenolic compounds reported to exert beneficial effects in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, cancer, autoimmune and neurological disorders. Flavonoids possess potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and immuno-modulation properties. Intriguingly, the…

OBJECTIVES: Sleep apnea, often linked to heart failure, may benefit from sacubitril/valsartan (SV), a promising treatment shown to improve sleep quality and variables. This review and meta-analysis assess the sleep-related effects of SV in patients with sleep apnea. METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis inv…

BACKGROUND: To analyze the clinical, radiological, therapeutic, and clinical outcomes of the leukodystrophy-like phenotype in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). METHODS: We conducted this systematic review following the Preferred Report Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). We sea…