42,349 papers found

OBJECTIVE: To establish the reliability of the application of National Health and Safety Network (NHSN) central-line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) criteria within established reporting systems internationally. DESIGN: Diagnostic-test accuracy systematic review. METHODS: We conducted a search of Medline, S…

BACKGROUND: Assessment of events by adjudication committees (ACs) is recommended in multicentre randomised controlled trials (RCTs). However, its usefulness has been questioned. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this systematic review was to compare 1) treatment effect estimates of subjective clinical events assessed by onsite a…

OBJECTIVES: Sleep apnea, often linked to heart failure, may benefit from sacubitril/valsartan (SV), a promising treatment shown to improve sleep quality and variables. This review and meta-analysis assess the sleep-related effects of SV in patients with sleep apnea. METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis inv…

BACKGROUND: To analyze the clinical, radiological, therapeutic, and clinical outcomes of the leukodystrophy-like phenotype in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). METHODS: We conducted this systematic review following the Preferred Report Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). We sea…

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with the development of VTE in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: A systematic literature search was conductedPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases up to 25 April 2025, to identify studies examining the associati…

BACKGROUND: Nasal packing post-septoplasty often leads to discomfort, breathing difficulties, and elevated infection risk. Alternative methods, such as intranasal splinting and quilting sutures, have been proposed to mitigate these issues. This study evaluates their effectiveness in reducing postoperative pain and comp…

BACKGROUND: The number of reported cases of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis has gradually increased since its discovery in 2007, while there are no uniform treatment guidelines. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and to analyze the…

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis is the most common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with serious social and economic burden. Siponimod is a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist, and clinical trials in the past decade have shown good prospects for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. But there is a…

OBJECTIVES: Central nervous system (CNS) infections account for considerable death and disability every year. An urgent research priority is scaling up diagnostic capacity, and introduction of point-of-care tests. We set out to assess current evidence for the application of mass spectrometry (MS) peptide sequencing in…

OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and safety of Rituximab (RTX) in adult primary central nervous system vasculitis (PCNSV). METHODS: We retrospectively assessed the effect of RTX in 6 patients with PCNSV. Five of the 6 were refractory to high dose glucocorticoids (GCs) and/or conventional immunosuppressants (IS). The…

STUDY DESIGN: A meta-analysis of five retrospective cohort studies. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to delineate the efficacy and safety of full-endoscopic decompression via the interlaminar approach for central or lateral recess spinal stenosis of the lumbar spine using a meta-analysis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DAT…

BACKGROUND: The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is a key regulator of cardiovascular and renal homeostasis, but also plays important roles in mediating physiological functions in the central nervous system (CNS). The effects of the RAS were classically described as mediated by angiotensin (Ang) II via angiotensin type 1…

Psychostimulants, including amphetamines and methylphenidate, are first-line pharmacotherapies for individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This review aims to educate physicians regarding differences in pharmacology and mechanisms of action between amphetamine and methylphenidate, thus enhanci…

BACKGROUND: Respiratory support is a central component of the management of critically ill children. It can be delivered invasively via an endotracheal tube or non-invasively via face mask, nasal mask, nasal cannula or oxygen hood/tent. Invasive ventilation can be damaging to the lungs, and the tendency to use non-inva…

BACKGROUND: Lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET) is the most common musculoskeletal elbow disorder. Evidence suggests that cervicothoracic involvement often contributes to forearm symptoms and that addressing the spine improves clinical outcomes. This review aimed to evaluate screening methods for the cervicothoracic spine…

INTRODUCTION: Longevity pharmacology has evolved from descriptive gerontology into a mechanistically driven field aiming to modulate fundamental processes of biological aging. Despite rapid scientific advances, whether this progress has translated into meaningful clinical outcomes remains uncertain. AREAS COVERED: Thi…

Over 120 phytocannabinoids and 190 synthetic and semi-synthetic cannabinoids have been identified. Many of these currently circulate in recreational and illicit drug markets. Epidemiological evidence indicates a progressive increase in their use but long-term effects of cannabinoids on the CNS remain poorly understood.…

BACKGROUND: Given the central role of writing and typing in contemporary communication, integrating writing assessments into clinical practice is crucial for improving the diagnosis and management of primary progressive aphasia (PPA). This scoping review summarizes evidence on writing abilities in PPA, examining task t…

OBJECTIVES: We reviewed weight loss and gaining wrinkles, and the impact of weight loss drugs on facial aesthetics. METHODS: The resources from Eskişehir Osmangazi and Kirikkale Universities, along with Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, EBSCO, and ProQuest Central, were consulted for the literature review. Between…

BACKGROUND: This bibliometric study scrutinizes the thematic evolution of research on stigma and discrimination in mental disorders, covering a span of five decades. It reflects on the shifting paradigms within the stigma-focused mental health research community from 1974 to 2024. METHODS: A comprehensive bibliometric…