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Review articles are a means of summarizing the potentially vast volume of research on a topic. However, the methodological quality of review articles varies, and reviews on the same topic may reach different conclusions. We evaluated 65 review articles published between 2000 and 2005 that addressed the effectiveness of…

BACKGROUND: Ectogenesis-the development of the fetus outside the human uterus-is generally attributed to British scientist J.B.S. Haldane as early as 1924. Although efforts to develop artificial womb technology have seen limited success, a number of recent advances suggest that human clinical trials may become possible…

BACKGROUND: Equitability of healthcare and timely access to services are essential components of healthcare quality, yet persistent health inequalities and inequity of access remain global challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated these disparities, underscoring the urgency to address health inequalities. I…

INTRODUCTION: The healthcare system is complex, involving multiple interactions among individuals, organisations and systems. Many patients, particularly those with limited health system literacy, struggle to navigate it. A reliable instrument is crucial for accurately measuring individuals' navigational abilities. How…

INTRODUCTION: In England, increasing numbers of young people seek help from emergency healthcare services, such as ambulances and emergency departments, after they self-harm. One contributing factor is a lack of meaningful and available community-based alternative sources of support for self-harm. It is not clear what…

INTRODUCTION: Participatory research science deals with partnerships underlying research, governance and ownership of research products. It is concerned with relationships behind research objectives and methods. Participatory research has gained significant traction in design of health interventions, contextualising th…

: Summaries of systematic reviews are a reference method for the dissemination of research evidence on the effectiveness of public health interventions beyond the scientific community. Motivated reasoning and cognitive dissonance may interfere with readers' ability to process the information included in such summaries.…

OBJECTIVES: To understand trainee experiences of participating in a living systematic review (LSR) for rheumatoid arthritis and the potential benefits in terms of experiential evidence-based medicine (EBM) education. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a mixed-methods study with trainees who participated in the LSR…

BACKGROUND: Systematic review is an indispensable tool for optimal evidence collection and evaluation in evidence-based medicine. However, the explosive increase of the original literatures makes it difficult to accomplish critical appraisal and regular update. Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have been applied…

BACKGROUND: Peer-support programs are a useful social support strategy for populations trying to quit smoking who are willing to maintain smoking abstinence. This study is a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of peer support for smoking cessation. METHODS: This protocol will…

INTRODUCTION: The health workforce is an integral component of the healthcare system. Comprehensive, high-quality data on the health workforce are essential to identifying gaps in health service provision, as well as informing future health workforce and health services planning, and health policy. While many data sour…

BACKGROUND: There is a widespread belief that information technologies will improve diagnosis, treatment and care. Evidence about their effectiveness in health care is, however, mixed. It is not clear why this is the case, given the remarkable advances in hardware and software over the last 20 years. This review…

INTRODUCTION: Substantial delays in translating evidence to practice mean that many beneficial and vital advances in medical care are not being used in a timely manner. Traditional knowledge translation (KT) strategies have tended to target academics by disseminating findings in academic journals and at scientific conf…

INTRODUCTION: Efficient adoption of clinically effective novel surgical innovations has great potential benefits for patients. Factors affecting the adoption of surgical innovation are not well understood and proposed models of adoption do not accurately correlate with historical evidence. This protocol is for a system…

BACKGROUND: Muslims comprise 4.8% of the national population in the UK and also form a significant proportion of its ethnic minority population, with trends set to continue for the foreseeable future. With ethnic minority health inequalities deepening further, there is an apparent lack of strategies to effectively tack…

INTRODUCTION: Disparities in access to transplantation have been well documented. The extant literature, however, focuses largely on disparities and related barriers for African-American patients and none has used the steps to transplantation as a guiding framework. This review will catalogue disparities in the steps t…

OBJECTIVE: This scoping review will examine the characteristics of the development, implementation, and/or evaluation of a professional practice model (PPM) for pediatric nursing in Westernized countries. INTRODUCTION: PPMs in nursing are designed to improve excellence in nursing practice and have been shown to improv…

ARTICLE TITLE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION: The use of hyaluronic acid injection for treatment of black triangle and reconstruction of lost interdental papilla in anterior teeth: a systematic review. ACTA ODONTOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 2024; VOL. 83: 371-391. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2340/aos.v83.40864. SOURCE OF FUNDING:…

The aim of this commentary is to discuss from a rehabilitation perspective the published Cochrane Review (1) by Voet NBM et al., under the direct supervision of Cochrane Neuromuscular Group. This Cochrane Corner is produced in agreement with the Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine by Cochrane Rehabilitation.

In this chapter, we summarize the key principles involved in designing and conducting a rigorous systematic review focused on an intervention question. We provide key definitions on what systematic reviews and meta-analysis are and how they differ from other types of reviews. We cover the principles for designing a goo…