381,590 papers found

BACKGROUND: --Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), defined as either isolated hypertension after the 20th week of gestation or hypertension with proteinuria (preeclampsia), occurs in 5% to 15% of pregnancies and is associated with maternal and neonatal morbidity. Previous clinical trials with small numbers of patients…

BACKGROUND: The role of postoperative antithrombotic therapy in microvascular free flap reconstruction remains controversial, with no consensus on the optimal regimen. METHODS: A systematic review and arm-based Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted searching PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Aspirin…

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate video-assisted dispatcher cardiopulmonary resuscitation (V-DACPR) versus audio-assisted dispatcher CPR impacts on compression quality in simulated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) scenarios. METHODS: Network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT…

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy among women worldwide. Despite curative-intent treatment, 10%-30% of patients experience treatment failure due to persistent or recurrent disease within five years. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown clinical benefit in phase 3 trials, yet no…

OBJECTIVE: Despite numerous investigations, the question whether all bona fide treatments of depression are equally efficacious in adults has not been sufficiently answered. METHOD: We applied two different meta-analytical techniques (conventional meta-analysis and mixed treatment comparisons). Overall, 53 studies wit…

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of steroid therapy on pulmonary function, admission rates, and relapse rates in patients presenting with acute exacerbations of asthma. Computerized MEDLINE and SCIENCE CITATION searches were combined with review of reference lists from book chapters and articles…

The relationship between calcium intake and bone mass remains controversial. In this paper, the published research on this association is reviewed using the quantitative technique of meta-analysis. Selection of studies was based on defined eligibility criteria, and information relating to study design was recorded. Stu…

Quantitative methods were used to review epidemiologic data relating consumption of alcoholic beverages to risk of colorectal cancer. The data (27 studies) supported the presence of a weak association. For consumption of two alcoholic beverages daily, on average the relative risk of colorectal cancer was 1.10 (95% conf…

BACKGROUND: Antipsychotics are the treatment of choice for schizophrenia, but they often induce akathisia. However, comparative efficacy of treatment strategies for akathisia remains unclear. DESIGN: We performed a systematic review and network meta-analyses (PROSPERO CRD42023450720). We searched multiple databases on…

In a recent review of nonbehavioral child and adolescent psychotherapy, it was concluded that the magnitude of methodological flaws in this body of research precluded an evaluation of effectiveness. However, recent quantitative reviews of child and adolescent therapy have concluded that nonbehavioral therapy is relativ…

Issues in the statistical evaluation for therapeutic efficacy of surgical adjuvant modality therapy on the patients suffering from gastrointestinal cancers were mentioned as follows: 1) When a therapeutic effect is evaluated, it is important that a well-controlled, randomized trial should be requested under the statist…

A review of recent phase II and III studies in advanced gastric carcinoma is presented. Several combination regimens have been developed with high activity in locally advanced and metastatic disease. Among them are etoposide plus adriamycin plus cisplatin (EAP), etoposide plus 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin (ELF), cont…

Between 1970 and 1988, reports were published about two ecological studies, six case-control studies and one cohort study that evaluated the relationship between methylxanthine consumption and the risk of ovarian cancer. Because of the limitations of ecological studies, no inferences are based on them. All of the case-…

Monotherapy of hypertension should be the goal of treatment. Even in the elderly hypertensive patient there is a good response to monotherapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as well as to diuretics and calcium channel blockers, despite the low plasma renin activity seen in the elderly. Adverse effects on…

BACKGROUND: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a common consequence of cancer and its treatments, with mild but significant deficits in memory, attention or executive function. These symptoms negatively affect survivors' quality of life, daily functioning, and return to work. Physical exercise is a promising…

INTRODUCTION: Systematic reviews are crucial for informing health decisions and supporting evidence-based policymaking. Reporting guidelines aim to reduce ambiguity and confusion while promoting clarity, completeness, and transparency in reporting. Our study aimed to assess the completeness of reporting of diagnostic t…

INTRODUCTION: Overweight and obesity are major global health issues, increasing disease risk and straining healthcare systems. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are effective for weight loss but cause gastrointestinal side effects, affecting adherence. Research often focuses on diabetics, leaving a…

IMPORTANCE: Retractions are rising in the scientific literature, increasing the risk of reusing unreliable results. OBJECTIVES: To identify reports of systematic reviews that included retracted studies in their meta-analyses, and to assess the impact of these retracted studies on the results. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PAR…

BACKGROUND: Statins have been shown to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality among individuals with clinical history of coronary heart disease. However, it remains uncertain whether statins have similar mortality benefit in a high-risk primary prevention setting. Notably, all systematic reviews to date included trials…

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of liver toxicity from the long-term administration of methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or psoriatic arthritis. DESIGN: A meta-analysis of 15 studies examining the relationship between long-term, low-dose methotrexate administration and biopsy evidence of liver…