44,655 papers found

BACKGROUND. Oxytocin is a well known drug most commonly used in obstetrics for induction or augmentation of labor. Due to its essential role in labor, and the overall effect in the body, oxytocin must be deeply understood by all obstetricians who use it and prescribe it. There is relevant data listed about oxytocin and…

Background. Reflexology is one of the top forms of complementary and alternative medicine in the UK and is used for healthcare by a diverse range of people. However, it is offered by few healthcare providers as little scientific evidence is available explaining how it works or any health benefits it may confer. The aim…

Brazil is a world benchmark in combating smoking and promoting actions through the National Program for Tobacco Control and other Risk Factors for Cancer (PNCTOFR). This literature review was conducted in order to outline the actions of PNCTOFR and identify evidence of their effectiveness in reducing the prevalence of…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of dietary patterns in prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review of databases which were published in ISI, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases, PubMed, Iran Medex, and MagIran was performed. "Diabetes" and "…

STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: An electronic search was performed using a priori selection criteria. PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Library were searched. Studies were limited to randomized, controlled trials in which povidone-iodine (PVP-I) was used as an adjunct to conventional SRP in the treatment of chronic pe…

OBJECTIVE: To determine the accessibility of retracted articles residing on non-publisher websites and in personal libraries. METHODS: Searches were performed to locate Internet copies of 1,779 retracted articles identified in MEDLINE, published between 1973 and 2010, excluding the publishers' website. Found copies we…

BACKGROUND: After its introduction in 1970, the use of the pulmonary artery catheter became a central part of the management of critically ill patients in adult and pediatric intensive care units. However, because it was introduced as a class II device, efficacy for its safety and clinical benefit did not exist during…

Rare diseases (RDs) pose a significant set of problems for patients, since their disease and general social and health situation are often not recognized by the medical community and shunned by health insurance. The sheer number of RDs (5000-8000) and the number of patients (6-8% of the population) are challenging for…

BACKGROUND: The duration of anti-tuberculous therapy in tuberculous meningitis is controversial. There is variation in recommendations by different societies and expert groups on this issue. OBJECTIVE: To determine the strength of evidence for short-term therapy in tuberculous meningitis through review of literature a…

Identification of the factors that regulate immune tolerance and control the appearance of exacerbated inflammatory conditions is crucial for the development of new therapies of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Resolution of inflammation and the return of tissues to homeostasis protect us against excessive tissue…

BACKGROUND: The introduction of drugs, whose mechanisms of action are directed against specific molecules involved in cancer initiation and/or progression, has changed the daily workup of breast cancer patients. At present, HER2 expression and/or amplification should be evaluated in every primary invasive breast cancer…

Controversy exists as to whether muscle weakness is present in Parkinson's disease (PD). Computerized literature searches identified clinical trials and reviews about muscular strength assessment in patients with Parkinson's disease, using the following databases: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, the Cochrane Databas…

BACKGROUND: Cannabis use disorders (CUD) are prevalent among people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), with a range of detrimental effects, e.g. reduced compliance to medication and psychosocial interventions, and increased level of psychotic-dimension symptoms. The aim of this study was to review literature…

To recognize the 20th anniversary of the opening of the Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA, a conference was held featuring some of the most prominent obesity researchers worldwide, addressing the most significant advances in obesity research. The Center had been founded with a gift fr…

OBJECTIVES: Molecular targets in cancer diagnosis and therapy have come to the fore of the oncology field in the last decade. Their identification is rooted in basic science investigation and enhanced knowledge in the fields of genetics, biochemistry, molecular and tumor biology, and pathology among others. METHODS: A…

PURPOSE: To evaluate the hypothesis that spinal fusion surgery is an effective method to address spinal deformity-associated clinical problems, including magnitude of curvature (Cobb angle), pulmonary dysfunction, and pain. METHOD: A systematic review was carried out using Science Citation Index (SCI) Expanded (1900 -…

OBJECTIVE: To report one case of bilharziasis treated at our centre and to briefly comment the literature in the current context of increase of parasitical diseases in Europe, imported from the Third World by immigrants and tourists. METHODS: We report the case of a male patient from a Central African country referred…

INTRODUCTION: Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) are increasingly recognised to be a contributing cause of organ dysfunction and mortality in critically ill patients. The number of publications describing and researching this phenomenon is increasing exponentially but there are…

In 1960, a trypsin-like activity was found in mast cells [Glenner GG & Cohen LA (1960) Nature 185, 846-847] and this activity is now commonly referred to as 'tryptase'. Over the years, much knowledge about mast cell tryptase has been gathered, and a recent (18 January 2006) PubMed search for the keywords 'tryptase + ma…

OBJECTIVES: To count the scientific contributions that were carried out at the Otorhinolarngology Departments in Spain from 1998 to 2002 years and to measure their scientific relevance using different bibliometrics tools. METHOD: Abstracts of articles located on MedLine (http://www.ncbi.nih.gov/PubMed) that have been…