1,575,188 papers found

Cimetidine prophylaxis significantly reduced the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding after severe head injury in this prospective, double-blind clinical trial. Cimetidine effectively reduced both the volume and the acidity of gastric secretions after brain injury without producing adverse side effects. The most common en…

In a prospective randomized clinical trial, whole gut lavage was evaluated against conventional mechanical cleansing for colonic operations. The lavage took less time to perform, was better tolerated by patients, and resulted in more satisfactory preparation as judged by frequency of collapsed intestines. There was no…

The effect of intravenous lidocaine in the treatment of persistent cough occurring after diagnostic bronchoscopies performed under general anaesthesia was investigated in a controlled clinical trial. The study comprised 28 adults patients, all of whom had regained consciousness after anaesthesia. Fifteen patients were…

Of 135 children with pertussis 70 were treated with steroids for 7 to 8 days and the remainder served as controls. The two groups were comparable. All children received erythromycin for 10 days. They were in the first week of the paroxysmal stage. Coughing, whooping, and vomiting episodes occurred less frequently in th…

PURPOSE: We performed a phase 2 randomized clinical trial to evaluate the preliminary effectiveness of a clinic-based patellar mobilization therapy (PMT) in patients with knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: We recruited 208 patients with knee osteoarthritis at primary care clinics in Hong Kong. Patients were randomly assign…

Astatine-211 is a nuclide with a short half-life of 7.2 h, that show promise for targeted alpha therapy of disseminated cancer. Despite nuclide production being straight-forward using a medium energy cyclotron and an uncomplicated target, not many cyclotrons are currently producing the nuclide. In this work we propose…

We construct interpretable prognostic rules based on a sequence of "box-shaped" regions in the predictor space indexed by the fraction of patients in the prognostic group. In addition, the method can be used as a building block to construct more general prognostic rules based on unions of boxes, or even as a tool to fi…

The optimal pacing mode for patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) following AV junction ablation remains the subject of some debate. Recent clinical trials have not demonstrated a superior advantage of maintenance of sinus rhythm over the rate control approach. However, clinical trials in pacemaker populati…

Serum responses to oral cholera vaccines were assessed in three paediatric vaccine trials, two in León, Nicaragua and one in Stockholm, Sweden. A calibrated anti-cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) IgA ELISA was used together with an assay for vibriocidal antibodies. Swedish children had lower pre-vaccination levels of…

Radiographic data of a 48-week double-blind, randomized, parallel trial comparing hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and sulfasalazine (SASP) and its open label extension to 3 years of follow-up are analyzed in various ways. The focus of the paper is the methodological issues involved in analyses of radiographic data in a trial.…

In this report, we examine the potential risk factors for both the incidence and the number of placebo adverse reactions among patients who were enrolled in the placebo control group in a multicenter clinical trial (n = 491). Of the nine baseline covariates analyzed, only clinical center was significantly related to bo…

A controlled clinical trial of two multidrug regimens in multibacillary lepromatous and near-lepromatous patients with a bacterial index (BI) of 2.5 or more was conducted. Patients were randomly allocated to either a two-drug regimen of dapsone plus clofazimine for 60 months or a four-drug regimen of rifampin, isoniazi…

The results of a 3-year parallel, controlled clinical trial comparing a capitation system of payment for the dental care of children with fee-for-service, showed that capitation offered dentists more clinical freedom. Dentists in capitation used this to provide more preventive care, particularly advice to parents on th…

We carried out a double-blind clinical trial in 30 patients who were sensitized to Bermuda grass pollen. Before and after immunotherapy we performed in vivo tests (skin tests and standardized tests of specific and nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity), in vitro tests (histamine release), and specific IgE and IgG antib…

In a double-blind, crossover trial a controlled-release multiple-units indomethacin formulation (50 mg twice daily) was compared with conventional capsules (25 mg twice daily with 50 mg in the evening) in 12 young and 18 elderly in-patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Earlier findings that younger patients preferred a s…

In a prospective, controlled, randomized single-blind clinical trial, treatment with cefotaxime (CTX) was compared with that with standard therapy (ST), which consisted of a penicillin-chloramphenicol combination with or without sulphadiazine, in 31 patients (excluding neonates) with proven bacterial meningitis. The tw…

The efficacy and safety of topical application of ketoprofen gel and etofenamate gel were studied in a controlled double-blind clinical trial. Thirty-six patients affected by inflammation of tendons, sheaths and bursae entered the study, and were treated for seven days. The parameters studied were: pain scale, Ritchie…

The effect of subcutaneous catheter tunnelling on the incidence of catheter sepsis and on catheter life span in the absence of a nutrition team was determined in a prospective controlled clinical trial. Eighty one patients who received 92 courses of parenteral nutrition had 110 catheters inserted. Alternate catheters w…

A multi-centre double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed to determine the minimum number of doses of metronidazole required for effective prophylaxis of vaginal cuff abscess following hysterectomy. Four hundred and seventy-five patients received zero, one, two, three, six or twenty-one 500 mg doses…

Worldwide clinical trial data concerning the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of the clonidine transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) are reviewed with reference to its antihypertensive efficacy. The amount of clonidine delivered to the systemic circulation is a direct function of TTS size. After initi…