42,305 papers found

BACKGROUND: Thromboprophylaxis regimens include pharmacologic and mechanical options such as intermittent pneumatic compression devices (IPCDs). There are a wide variety of IPCDs available, but it is uncertain if they vary in effectiveness or ease of use. This is a systematic review of the comparative effectiveness of…

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease with a poor prognosis. A number of studies reported the association between MUC5B promoter polymorphism rs35705950 and IPF, but substantial inconsistent findings were observed and the strength of association remains unclear.The aim of the study was to investi…

OBJECTIVE: This study informs efforts to improve the discoverability of and access to biomedical datasets by providing a preliminary estimate of the number and type of datasets generated annually by research funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH). It focuses on those datasets that are "invisible" or not…

BACKGROUND: In order to better monitor non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients at higher risk for HCC, there is a need for non-invasive diagnostic approaches to screen for the presence of advanced fibrosis in these patients. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis will be to evaluate the diagnost…

BACKGROUND: Despite the established causal relationship between tobacco smoking and cancer, many cancer patients continue to smoke after diagnosis. This partly reflects ignorance of the beneficial effects of smoking cessation, even after diagnosis. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effects of continuing or q…

To determine whether off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) increases mid-term major adverse cardiovascular (and cerebrovascular) events MACCE over on-pump CABG, we performed a meta-analysis of exclusive large randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Reg…

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of T-tube free (TTF) versus T-tube drainage (TTD) after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE). BACKGROUND: LCBDE has been proven to be an effective and preferred treatment approach for uncomplicated choledocholithiasis, and the appropriateness o…

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a heritable disorder characterized by tics that are decreased in some patients by treatment with alpha adrenergic agonists and dopamine receptor blockers. Thus, this study examines the relationship between catecholamine gene expression in blood and tic severity. TS diagnosis was confirmed usin…

BACKGROUND: The majority of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are overweight or obese. Obesity is a significant risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality in people with T2DM, and increased weight has been shown to worsen glycemic control and increase the risk of diabetes progression. METHODS: A sea…

BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Corticosteroids and 5-aminosalicylates are the most commonly used therapies. However, many patients require immunosuppressive therapy when their disease becomes steroid-refractory or dependent. Methotrexate is a medication that is effective for tre…

: Registered nurse (RN) prescribing is increasingly discussed as a strategy to improve primary-care access, medication follow-up, chronic disease management, and service responsiveness. The available evidence, however, does not directly test a single coordinated RN prescriber-family physician/nurse practitioner (FP/NP)…

BACKGROUND: As the global demand for hip and knee arthroplasty procedures grow, advancements in orthopedic research are vital for progress. Pilot and feasibility trials play a critical role in optimising research efficiency, highlighting methodological gaps, and maximising study insights. However, the completeness of r…

BACKGROUND: HIV serodiscordant relationships, where one partner is HIV-positive and the other is HIV-negative, present unique challenges despite biomedical advances including U = U (Undetectable = Untransmittable). Effective interventions are crucial to support these couples in managing thei…

BACKGROUND: Pharmacology plays a central role in linking biomedical science concepts with their application in clinical practice across medical and healthcare education. Globally, the pharmacological curriculum has evolved, just like other disciplines, through the integration of case-based, problem-based, and hybrid te…

CONTEXT: Lifestyle interventions focused on dietary and physical activity strategies are the cornerstone of type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevention and management. While their clinical benefits are well established, less is known about their effects on reversing gut dysbiosis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of gut microb…

Opioids are commonly used to manage both acute and chronic pain by acting on opioid receptors in the central and peripheral nervous systems. However, concerns about their increasing prescription and misuse have emerged due to adverse effects, toxicity, and the global impact of opioid-related harm.This systematic review…

BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy is a well-recognized risk factor of acute leakage after colorectal surgery. However, its relationship with delayed leakage remains unclear. The aim of this systemic review and meta-analysis was to determine its association with delayed anastomotic leakage (DAL) after rectal surgery. METHODS: A…

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) significantly impact quality of life, particularly among Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic communities in the UK, who face disproportionate burdens and barriers to care. Despite growing recognition of ethnic health disparities, there is limited understanding of interventions…

UNLABELLED: Dental plaque, if not regularly removed through proper oral hygiene, can lead to tooth decay, gingivitis, and more severe periodontal disease. Effective plaque removal is essential in preventing gingivitis, the precursor to periodontitis. Propolis, a bee product known for its antibacterial, anti-inflammator…

BACKGROUND: Perimenopause, the transitional period before menopause, is characterized by various physical and psychological symptoms that can impact women's health, well-being, and quality of life. Lifestyle modifications, including exercise, diet, and health education, might help manage these symptoms, but the current…