5,000,692 papers found

In this synopsis, we summarize and comment on Baker and colleagues' Cochrane review of studies on the population-level impact of community-wide physical activity (PA) interventions. Insufficient PA remains a major public health problem. Community-wide interventions offer an opportunity to extend reach by increasing the…

The purpose of the paper is to discuss the formidable challenges to community reentry and reintegration faced by U.S. prison inmates with serious mental illness and to describe various strategies for improving transitional services for these individuals. We review epidemiologic data supporting the high prevalence of se…

BACKGROUND: While the retail food environment has been well studied, research surrounding the university food environment is still emerging. Existing research suggests that university food environments can influence behavioral outcomes such as students' dietary choices, which may be maintained long-term. Despite a grow…

INTRODUCTION: Contraceptive dynamics is the use of contraception, unmet need, discontinuation, and/or switching of contraception. Women with disabilities (WWDs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face a common problem: a low prevalence of contraceptive usage and a high unmet need. Even though certain studies h…

BACKGROUND: Mifepristone is a selective progesterone receptor modulator with decades of data demonstrating its potential as a highly effective emergency as well as non-emergency contraceptive. Despite considerable evidence pointing to the potential effectiveness of mifepristone as a non-emergency contraceptive, no syst…

INTRODUCTION: Neck pain is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal pain conditions with multifactorial impact including pain, disability and reduced quality of life. To the best of our knowledge, no systematic review and meta-analysis is available to provide reliable data on the pooled prevalence of neck pain and its…

BACKGROUND: Appropriate dissemination of public health evidence is of high importance to ensure that scientific knowledge reaches potential stakeholders and relevant population groups. A wide distrust towards science and its findings indicates that communication thereof remains below its potential. Cochrane Public Heal…

BACKGROUND: In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), clinical and research investments for oncology screening, diagnosis, and therapy are exceedingly modest, compared to those in higher-income regions. Diseases that are difficult to prevent or treat, such as primary brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors, are especially cha…

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency can play a role in extraskeletal functions that are involved with a set of risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The purpose of this review is to investigate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on fasting glucose, dyslipidemia, blood pressure, and abdominal obesity…

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) can greatly enhance efficiency in systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses, but its accuracy in screening titles/abstracts and full-text articles is uncertain. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the performance metrics (sensitivity, specificity) of a GPT-4 AI program, Revi…

INTRODUCTION: Sexual violence remains a critical and under-reported issue in postsecondary institutions, impacting student health, well-being and academic outcomes. In Canada, over 90% of incidents are not disclosed to institutions; similar patterns are observed in the USA. Despite growing awareness of the issue, no co…

INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that presents with motor symptoms such as tremors, slowness and gait difficulties, in addition to various non-motor symptoms such as anxiety, depression and autonomic and sleep disturbances. Pranayama (yogic breathing practices) has been studied as a par…

INTRODUCTION: Africa's older population is increasing and this, necessitates the development of interventions to promote healthy ageing. Nutrition is a key determinant of healthy ageing and local contextual evidence is needed to inform nutritional intervention development in Africa. There are already reviews on nutriti…

INTRODUCTION: Patient navigation, a complex health intervention meant to address widespread fragmentation across the healthcare landscape, has been widely adopted internationally. This rapid uptake in patient navigation has led to a broadening of the service's reach to include those of different social positions and di…

INTRODUCTION: Healthcare systems are currently facing challenges in enhancing access and improving the quality of healthcare services around the world, and one of the innovative strategies that have been used to address such challenges is the positive deviance (PD) approach. The approach assumes that identifying, exami…

INTRODUCTION: Healthcare data analytics is a methodological approach to the systematic analysis of health data, and it provides opportunities for healthcare professionals to improve health system management, patient engagement, budgeting, planning and performing evidence-based decision-making. Literature suggests that…

PURPOSE: This study describes a protocol for a novel individualized phoneme training program for adult cochlear implant (CI) users, based on individual phoneme confusion errors. The protocol is underpinned by a literature review on phoneme training and a focus group with adult CI users. METHOD: After a literature sear…

AIM: This theory-guided scoping review aims to provide an overview of existing literature about academic-practice partnerships in evidence-based nursing education. BACKGROUND: Academic-practice partnership is an approach to improve evidence-based nursing education, to promote evidence-based nursing practice which coul…

INTRODUCTION: Currently, various guidelines and documents on the prevention of pressure injuries have been published, but there are many serious lags in the actual practice in nursing homes. So some interventions are required to promote the implementation of normative practices. There was a review of preventive interve…