381,592 papers found

Host defense, as it generally applies to humans, refers to the individual's ability to withstand infections. Human host defense mechanisms are numerous, diversified, complex, and often interdependent. The administration of drugs may influence some phases of immunocompetence mechanisms. The effect of several antimicrobi…

INTRODUCTION: Cervical lesions often demand specialized approaches due to their anatomical position, and the effectiveness of these techniques may vary among clinicians. OBJECTIVES: To assess the clinical effectiveness of various adhesive strategies combined with different restorative materials for managing cavitated…

BACKGROUND: Ventral hernia repair is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures worldwide, yet there is no consensus on the safest and most effective approach. This network meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the optimal surgical technique for ventral hernia repair. STUDY DESIGN: We systematically searched P…

BACKGROUND: The interim results of the Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial requires physicians to use a higher threshold for employing antiarrhythmic agents in the treatment of benign or potentially lethal ventricular arrhythmias. Many have managed patients by switching to the traditional class I quinidine despite its…

Since the relationship between oral contraceptive use and breast cancer has not been consistent we undertook a meta-analysis of studies published to date. Papers were located by searching the MEDLINE data base, supplemented by a hand search of all the references in the articles recovered. Studies were graded as to qual…

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to identify a first choice Root-end Filling Material (RFM) as regards the apical sealing ability. METHODS: The method we have used is the so called Metanalysis. It consists of the selection of all experimental studies already existing in literature and of the statistical proces…

Fifteen case-control studies on the relationship between smoking and lung cancers in China were analyzed and evaluated by the method of meta-analysis, using both the fixed-effect and the random-effect models. The cumulative cases and controls were 5703 and 5669, respectively. Calculations based on the fixed-effect mode…

OBJECTIVE: To review published clinical trials comparing the efficacy of trazodone with that of tricyclic antidepressant medication. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE was searched for relevant articles published from 1983 to 1991. The bibliography of a review article was searched for further references. STUDY SELECTION: In all,…

Seven randomized studies during the past 5 years have evaluated or are evaluating the efficacy of warfarin or aspirin or both in decreasing the risk of embolic events in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. By March 1990, two of the studies had been published, both of which showed a statistically significant…

To assess the effect of selective decontamination of the digestive tract on respiratory tract infections and survival of patients treated in an intensive care unit, we carried out a meta-analysis of clinical studies comparing patients treated with selective decontamination with untreated controls. From eleven trials (1…

Average systolic blood pressure levels from epidemiological studies conducted on black populations in sub-Sahara Africa were pooled and compared with pooled systolic blood pressure levels from black populations in the northern portion of the Western hemisphere (the West Indies and the United States). Studies published…

Terazosin is a new, long-acting, selective, postsynaptic alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist with a chemical structure similar to that of prazosin. In this article the pharmacokinetics of terazosin are reviewed, and the incidence of adverse events in a dose-response study and a meta-analysis of 20 placebo-controlled…

BACKGROUND: The complete and accurate identification of fatal occupational injuries among the US work force is an important first step in developing work injury prevention efforts. Numerous sources of information, such as death certificates, Workers' Compensation files, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OS…

This analysis combines the results of the epidemiologic studies which appeared in the literature from 1979-1987 concerning the associations between phenoxy acid herbicides (PH) and chlorophenols (CP) and the occurrence of soft tissue sarcoma. Cohort studies and case-control studies are considered separately. After spec…

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to explore whether the prevalence of manic switch was underestimated in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) compared to observational studies (OSs). METHOD: Meta-analyses and simple and systematic reviews were identified by two reviewers in a blinded, standardized manner. All relevant references we…

The authors assessed all measures of religious commitment (N = 139) reported in research studies published in the American Journal of Psychiatry and Archives of General Psychiatry in 1978 through 1989 (N less than 35). For nearly two-thirds of the measures, the studies either made no hypotheses or reported no results c…

Stroke is the third leading cause of death in North America. Most studies indicate that women are just as likely as men to have an initial stroke but less likely to have a recurrent stroke. Aspirin and ticlopidine are two antiplatelet drugs that reduce the risk of recurrent stroke by 25% to 30%. In some stroke preventi…

Studies on dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and schizophrenia are reviewed and the incidence of nonsuppression in the group of studies on schizophrenic patients is compared to that in the group of studies on normal controls from a previous review article. The incidence of nonsuppression in schizophrenic patients (2…

BACKGROUND: Recent studies assert that sugar-containing drinks may play a key role in the etiology of obesity. However, scientific reviews show contradictory results. Whether there is just association or clear causation still is a matter of debate. It is also subject to discussion whether the quality/adequacy of the di…

Violent video games are theorized to be a significant cause of aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Important evidence for this claim comes from a large meta-analysis by Anderson and colleagues (2010), who found effects of violent games in experimental, cross-sectional, and longitudinal research. In that meta-…