5,000,403 papers found

INTRODUCTION: As the field of radiation oncology continues to evolve with rapidly advancing technologies, the need for innovative educational methods is critical. Extended reality (XR) technologies-including virtual reality, augmented reality and mixed reality-have emerged as transformative tools in medical education.…

INTRODUCTION: Snakebite envenomation has been declared a neglected tropical disease by the WHO since 2017. The disease is endemic in affected areas due to the lack of availability and access to antivenom, despite it being the standard treatment for snakebites. This challenge is perpetuated by the shortcomings of the re…

BACKGROUND: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a prevalent and often debilitating condition, affecting approximately 22.7% of the population and significantly contributing to knee-related disorders. It primarily impacts young athletes and sedentary individuals, impairing their quality of life and functional abiliti…

INTRODUCTION: The available literature reviews of shift work among care workers are almost exclusively focused on 8-hour shifts and 12-hour shifts or 24-hour on-call shifts for physicians. We do not yet know the scope of evidence regarding extended-duration work shifts (defined as on-duty shifts of 16 or more hours per…

INTRODUCTION: Mental health concerns globally impact millions of people, resulting in significant financial impact and adverse health outcomes. People living with mental health concerns are at higher risk of developing physical health issues, which can lead to a shortened life expectancy. Barriers to physical healthcar…

INTRODUCTION: Speech and language therapists (SLTs) worldwide report challenges with providing recommended, evidence-based intervention intensity for children with speech sound disorder (SSD). Challenges such as service constraints and/or family contexts impact on access to optimal therapy intensity. Existing research…

INTRODUCTION: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory respiratory disorder characterised by the progressive worsening of lung function. Acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) is a leading contributor to patient morbidity, mortality and hospitalisations. The clinical significance of immunoglobulin (…

BACKGROUND: Patients receiving thoracic aortic repair suffer from long-term impairment in daily functioning and quality of life following intervention due to a combination of their life-threatening condition (i.e. aortic aneurysm or dissection), undergoing major surgery, as well as long-term exercise restrictions there…

INTRODUCTION: Research identifying the needs of relatives of patients with an acquired brain injury or malignant brain tumours is emerging, and the importance of relative involvement is widely acknowledged. However, the intention of involvement does not seem to be present in current practice and healthcare professional…

INTRODUCTION: Mental disorders affect about 13% of the world's population. While evidence-based mental health treatments are available, a significant number of persons with mental illnesses are untreated or do not receive adequate mental healthcare due to various reasons, including costs, stigma and the desire to self-…

INTRODUCTION: Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs) and disorders due to addictive behaviours (DABs) are prevalent conditions that share behavioural and neurobiological characteristics. The Research Domain Criteria lists a series of constructs whose dysfunctions may be present in both groups of disorders.…

INTRODUCTION: Inhaled epoprostenol is a selective pulmonary vasodilator that has shown a potentially broad number of applications in the management of critically ill patients. To date, the vast majority of the literature with regard to efficacy, indications for use, and adverse effects of inhaled epoprostenol is focuse…

INTRODUCTION: Patient-centred care can be facilitated by co-design, which refers to collaboration between healthcare professionals and consumers in producing and implementing healthcare. Systematic reviews on co-design have mainly focused on the effectiveness of co-produced healthcare interventions. Less attention has…

The USDA's Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review (NESR) team conducts food- and nutrition-related systematic reviews used to inform US Federal guidelines and programs, including the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. NESR's systematic review methodology includes a step to grade the strength of the evidence underlying con…

INTRODUCTION: The World Health Organisation endorses community-based programmes as a cost-effective, feasible and a 'best buy' in the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). These programmes are particularly successful when the community actively participates in its design, implementation and eva…

INTRODUCTION: Hearing aids are typically programmed using the individual's audiometric thresholds. Developments in technology have resulted in a new category of direct-to-consumer devices, which are not programmed using the individual's audiometric thresholds. This review aims to identify whether programming hearing ai…

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has rapidly spread to other countries, causing numerous deaths and challenges for organizations and health professionals. Diet and nutrition invariably influence the competence of the immune system and determine the risk and severity of infections. Studies have already been published o…

BACKGROUND: There is no study that has conducted a review or meta-analysis investigating a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention to patients with COVID19, with the aim of improving their psychological health. Therefore, in order to provide new evidence-based medical evidence for clinical treatment, we underto…

INTRODUCTION: Although the impact of macrolevel characteristics of health systems on socioeconomic inequity in health has been studied extensively, the impact of access characteristics on a smaller scale of health systems has received less attention. These mesolevel characteristics can influence access to healthcare an…

BACKGROUND: Patients' expectation to treatment response is one source of placebo effects. A number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported that expectation benefits to acupuncture treatment, while some did not. Previous systematic reviews failed to draw a confirmative conclusion due to the methodological hetero…