391,898 papers found

BACKGROUND: Recent studies assert that sugar-containing drinks may play a key role in the etiology of obesity. However, scientific reviews show contradictory results. Whether there is just association or clear causation still is a matter of debate. It is also subject to discussion whether the quality/adequacy of the di…

Violent video games are theorized to be a significant cause of aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Important evidence for this claim comes from a large meta-analysis by Anderson and colleagues (2010), who found effects of violent games in experimental, cross-sectional, and longitudinal research. In that meta-…

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the comparative effectiveness of medical interventions in adults versus children. STUDY DESIGN: We identified from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Issue 1, 2007) meta-analyses with data on at least 1 adult and 1 pediatric randomized trial with binary primary efficacy outcome. For ea…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the treatment of bacterial vaginosis with metronidazole to determine if there is a therapeutic regimen that is superior to all others with regard to cure and recurrence rates. DATA SOURCES: Computer-assisted literature search, Medical Subject Index review, and references cited in articles identi…

Over the last decade, a number of studies have attempted to relate brain morphology to treatment response to neuroleptics. This approach has scientific potential to define subtypes of schizophrenia as well as potential clinical utility. In the present report, a review of 33 studies, including a meta-analysis, is provid…

Several postinfarction trials have evaluated the effect of secondary prophylaxis with different beta-blockers. Although so called meta-analysis of the results from all the trials have shown a beneficial effect of postinfarction beta-blockade, many of the individual studies have shown inconclusive results, mainly due to…

The discovery that beta blockers possess clinically useful hypotensive, antianginal and antiarrhythmic properties has attracted the interest of clinicians, researchers and the pharmaceutical community alike. In addition, minor differences in a variety of ancillary properties have led to speculation that specific classe…

BACKGROUND: Condylar fractures are common maxillofacial injuries. Although both open and closed treatments are used, the optimal strategy remains debated due to variable functional outcomes and complication rates. PURPOSE: This network meta-analysis compared the functional outcomes and complications of closed treatmen…

BACKGROUND: The optimal percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) revascularization strategy in patients presenting with multi-vessel (MV) coronary artery disease (CAD) and acute myocardial infarction (MI) has not been systematically addressed. Accordingly, we performed a frequentist network meta-analysis with the aim o…

This systematic review and network meta-analysis compared the efficacy of platelet concentrates with traditional bioactive capping materials on vital pulp treatment (VPT) healing outcomes in permanent human teeth. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist and a…

BACKGROUND: Carotid artery stenosis is a major cause of stroke and is commonly treated with carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS). Trans-carotid artery revascularization (TCAR) has emerged as a newer alternative designed to reduce the risk of procedural stroke. However, comparative evidence on t…

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is a non-pharmacological strategy to prevent stroke and systemic emboli in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). However, data regarding its safety and efficacy profile compared to different oral anti-coagulant regimens remain limited. METH…

AIMS: Obesity, one of the most frequent health risks, represents a global public health problem. The potential impact of L-carnitine, a vital nutrient for energy metabolism, on weight loss is worth considering. However, given the inconclusive results from recent meta-analyses on L-carnitine, we conducted an umbrella me…

INTRODUCTION: Statin-induced myopathy (SIM) is a prevalent adverse event impacting treatment adherence. Despite extensive exploration of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), conflicting evidence obscures their role in SIM incidence, prompting this network meta-analysis. METHODS: Observational studies meeting eligib…

Observational studies of foods and health are susceptible to bias, particularly from confounding between diet and other lifestyle factors. Common methods for deriving dose-response meta-analysis (DRMA) may contribute to biased or overly certain risk estimates. We used DRMA models to evaluate the empirical evidence for…

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis has been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), and heart failure (HF). However, available studies regarding this relationship have shown inconsistent results. Therefore, in this report, we performed a comprehensive review of th…

PURPOSE: Quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) C609T polymorphisms have been implicated in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) risk, but previously published studies were inconsistent and recent meta-analyses were not adequate. The aim of this study was to determine more precise estimations for the relationship between the NQO1…

From 1983 to 1987, the Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA) Cooperative Studies Program (CSP) conducted a multicenter clinical trial (CSP #207) to determine whether four different antiplatelet regimens compared to placebo could prevent the occlusion of grafts following coronary artery bypass surgery. The study showed t…

BACKGROUND: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), initially developed for type 2 diabetes, have demonstrated cardiovascular benefits. However, evidence regarding their efficacy in heart failure (HF) remains conflicting due to inconsistent results from individual studies and meta-analyses. METHODS: We co…

Publication bias occurs if the results from studies which have not been published are different from the published ones. From a Bayesian viewpoint, it also concerns non-publication of studies with similar results as the published ones because the strength of the evidence will be influenced. Publication bias complicates…