376,071 papers found

BACKGROUND: A number of novel antidiabetic drugs have been developed. These drugs include sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is). However, the optimal medication for individuals with type 2 diabetes mell…

PURPOSE: Corticosteroids have been applied in sepsis treatment for decades, yet their clinical efficacy-particularly regarding optimal dosage, administration regimens, and impact on long-term prognosis-remains controversial and incompletely defined. This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to comprehensiv…

BACKGROUND: Many patients receiving maximally tolerated statins fail to achieve recommended low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, and multiple add-on nonstatin therapies are now available or in development, including obicetrapib and bempedoic acid. However, no direct comparison between these drugs is avai…

CONTEXT: There are limited head-to-head trials comparing pharmacological treatments for acromegaly. OBJECTIVE: Systematically review the efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments for acromegaly and conduct a network meta-analysis (NMA) enabling indirect comparisons. METHODS: MEDLINE and Embase were searched t…

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to systematically evaluate the relationships and effects of different exercise modalities and exercise doses on the quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS: Randomized controlled trials published from database inception to November 2025 were identified by searching…

Multidrug-resistantant (MDR)is a major public health concern necessitating new antimicrobials. There are new antimicrobials available with activity against MDR-but there is a lack of robust evidence synthesis to guide clinical decision-making for patients with infections caused by MDR-. This study, which was supported…

INTRODUCTION: Although perioperative chemotherapy (CT) is considered the standard treatment for gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma, the incorporation of novel agents into these standard regimens could potentially improve patient prognosis. The combination of immunotherapy and targeted therapies…

People with type 2 diabetes have higher rates of hypertension compared to the general population, Current guidelines do not consider the baseline blood pressure for activity prescription. This study aimed to evaluate and compare effects of different physical activity modalities on blood pressure in individuals with typ…

Subdiaphragmatic irradiation remains the standard treatment for patients with stage I and IIA testicular seminoma. Elective mediastinal irradiation is not indicated. In well-selected patients with stage I disease, aggressive surveillance may be a reasonable alternative to elective irradiation. We believe that bipedal l…

The authors review 24 double-blind placebo-controlled studies comparing fluoxetine or bupropion against previously available antidepressants, to assess where there is evidence for a difference in the speed of onset of antidepressant action. Critical comparison of the studies showed no difference in speed of onset of ac…

Interpleural analgesia has been successfully used for pain relief after cholecystectomy, renal surgery, breast surgery and thoracotomy. Little has been reported about side effects and complications. This article summarizes available information about adverse events collected from the literature. The survey comprises a…

Most versions of the multistage model predict that when persons stop smoking, their excess risk for lung cancer will continue to increase. Discussion of the model usually indicate that the excess risk stabilizes. The data show that the risk declines. Implications for models of carcinogenesis are discussed.

The value of adjuvant systemic therapy has been clearly demonstrated in both node-positive and node-negative patients. However, there are many women with favorable prognoses whose breast cancer recurs. It has been possible only recently to identify subsets of patients who are at definite risk for recurrence. Advances b…

This article provides a meta-analytic review of the experimental effects of media violence on viewers' aggression in unstructured social interaction. In the reviewed experiments, children or adolescents were exposed to violent or control presentations and their postexposure behavior was coded for aggression during spon…

Despite publication of the Approved Code of Practice and the Notes for Guidance, implementation of the UK Ionising Radiation Regulations has required local interpretation by nuclear medicine departments. One problem has been the lack of data upon which decisions can be based. In the last five years we and others have m…

BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing coronary angiography are susceptible to some discomforts, including anxiety and pain; hence, non-pharmacological interventions are being increasingly employed to alleviate these symptoms. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to investigate and contrast the effects of a number non-pharmacological ther…

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing around the world. We hypothesized that time-restricted eating (TRE) could impact cardiometabolic factors and anthropometric indices in adults with T2DM. This umbrella review aimed to provide an accurate estimate of the overall effects of TRE on these indiv…

OBJECTIVE: Antiseizure medications (ASMs) are the cornerstone of epilepsy treatment. However, evidence on direct comparison of ASMs is lacking. This network meta-analysis evaluated the comparative efficacy and safety of approved and investigational add-on third-generation ASMs for focal epilepsy in adolescents and adul…

Postpartum hypertension is a frequent cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of pharmacological agents for management of postpartum hypertension. We searched the MEDLINE and Embase through July 2025. The studies which were randomized controlled…

This systematic review aimed to systematise the different models used to deliver pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) during chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) and explore which ones are the most effective in terms of dyspnea, exercise capacity, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The literature search strategy invol…