4,953,518 papers found

When existing evaluations find little or no evidence of consensus recommendations leading to action, one can justifiably ask why so much of this review was dedicated to analyzing alternative ways of producing such "words without action." There are, however, at least two reasons why consensus recommendations should be p…

Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) have a high disease burden in India. Dyslipidemia, a major CVD risk factor, requires effective management. Our review describes the appropriateness of the international dyslipidemia guidelines in the Indian context. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Libr…

BACKGROUND: Our objective was to assess the frequency of data extraction errors and its potential impact on results in systematic reviews. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of different extraction methods, reviewer characteristics and reviewer training on error rates and results. METHODS: We performed a systematic…

OBJECTIVE: A "review of reviews" was undertaken to assess methodological issues in studies evaluating nondrug rehabilitation interventions in stroke patients. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched from January 2000 to January 2008 within the…

AIM: Evidence in medicine depends on original studies but also comes from systematic review. The most the literature grows up, the most systematic reviews are needed to synthesize the evidence, since this can help operators in decision making. The Cochrane reviews are considered the most reliable instruments of synthes…

INTRODUCTION: The authors carried out a systematic review of the effectiveness of workplace safety interventions, as a part of a wider project funded by CCM, Centre for Disease Control. METHODS: Several electronic bibliographic databases were checked, using a standardized string selection. The string contained the fol…

OBJECTIVES: To report the neuropathologic features of a patient with neuro-Behçet disease and to review the literature. METHODS: Herein, we describe a 35-year-old male who fulfills the International Study Group criteria for Behçet disease. RESULTS: The patient developed headache and hemiparesis in a subacut…

INTRODUCTION: Zinc is a fundamental trace element for an adequate nervous system function. It has been suggested that in the brain, a zinc homeostasis alteration may be associated with the genesis of epilepsy, although it is not yet determined if concentrations of zinc are a cause or a consequence of seizures. Another…

OBJECT: Cowden disease is a rare autosomal-dominant phacomatosis and cancer syndrome that is associated with Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD), also called dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma. METHODS: In this review the authors summarize the additions to the literature during the past 5 years, with emphasis on new case…

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Osteochondromas are common benign bone tumors that rarely arise in the vertebral column. Intraspinal presentation of these tumors is usually circumscribed to the cervical regions with few tumors presenting in the thoracic vertebrae. We report a case of a thoracic solitary osteochondroma arisin…

Radiation therapy is a cornerstone of treatment for solid tumors, yet it often induces lymphopenia, a condition linked to poorer clinical outcomes. This scoping review synthesizes evidence from systematic reviews to evaluate the prognostic impact of severe radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) on overall survival (OS) in…

OBJECTIVE: We collated and evaluated evidence from meta-analyses and systematic reviews on tinnitus treatment to establish a reference for clinical decision-making in tinnitus management. METHODS: Major medical databases such as CNKI, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library were searched. Literature on…

OBJECTIVES: The effect estimates in systematic reviews of observational studies often exhibit high heterogeneity. A potentially important source of heterogeneity are differences in the control variables across observational studies. However, it remains unclear how often this source of heterogeneity is considered in pra…

BACKGROUND: Less than 50 % of people with bipolar disorder (BD) receive best-practice care. Consensus methods can address this gap by including BD knowledge-users in setting priorities and creating actionable solutions. The objective of this scoping review is to identify, map and synthesize the evidence on consens…

BACKGROUND: Spiritual care is increasingly recognised as an essential component of care in palliative settings. Given this growing body of literature on spiritual interventions, there is a need to systematically evaluate and synthesis findings from previous systematic reviews. AIM: To systematically synthesise the ava…

INTRODUCTION: Neurosurgery is an intensely competitive field. With the USMLE Step 1 transitioning to a pass/fail system, research has become a crucial component of the neurosurgery residency application process. This emphasis on research is particularly critical for international medical graduates (IMGs), who often fac…

INTRODUCTION: Gastric cancer (GC), as a highly lethal malignancy, is the fourth most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. This study is an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to present an overview of the extent and reliability of the claimed association…

Risks associated with unintended pregnancy include unsafe abortions, poor maternal health-seeking behaviour, poor mental health, and potentially, maternal and infant deaths. Adolescent girls with unintended pregnancies are particularly vulnerable as they are at higher risk of eclampsia, premature onset of labour, and i…

Current consensus defines mild-moderate equine asthma (mEA; previously inflammatory airway disease) by a hierarchy of indicators of lung pathology: cough, poor performance, increased tracheobronchial mucus, inflammatory bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cytology and pulmonary dysfunction. Exclusion criteria include fever, s…

AIMS: The aims of this critical review were to: (i) assess the factors that differentiate acute from chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD) pain; (ii) assess the risk factors associated with the transition from acute to chronic TMD pain; and (iii) summarize and appraise the studies. METHOD: The databases used were…