44,632 papers found

PURPOSE: A systematic review was conducted to summarize and evaluate the literature on the effectiveness of speech pathology interventions in adults with neuromuscular diseases. METHOD: Databases searched included the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE,…

BACKGROUND: The development of high-throughput laboratory techniques created a demand for computer-assisted result analysis tools. Many of these techniques return lists of genes whose interpretation requires finding relevant biological roles for the problem at hand. The required information is typically available in pu…

OBJECTIVE: To summarize physiological and psychological characteristics that are common among women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and provide evidence suggesting that addressing psychological disturbances can reduce or alleviate physical symptoms of PCOS through behavioral pathways and physiological p…

BACKGROUND: The fate of papers submitted and subsequently rejected by the British Journal of Surgery (BJS) is currently unknown. The present study was designed to investigate whether, when and where these papers are published following rejection. METHODS: All rejected manuscripts in the year 2006 were identified from…

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity affect large parts of the population in the United States and around the world. These disorders are among the most common risk factors for erectile dysfunction (ED), because of their effects on the vasculature and the hormonal milieu. OBJECTIVE: This article reviews the c…

The objective of this study is to obtain reliable data from recent surveys carried out in Italy on the prevalence of overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) in children. We searched in MEDLINE/PubMed, Google and Google Scholar and we included the surveys that fulfilled the following criteria: English or Italian language, time…

This review focuses on the ability of different accelerometers to assess daily physical activity as compared with the doubly labeled water (DLW) technique, which is considered the gold standard for measuring energy expenditure under free-living conditions. The PubMed Central database (U.S. NIH free digital archive of b…

PURPOSE: To critically analyze studies published within the past decade about participants' comprehension of informed consent in clinical research and to identify promising intervention strategies. DESIGN: Integrative review of literature. METHODS: The Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL)…

AIM: The purpose of this paper is to review and analyze the published literature on the use of three-dimensional (3DUS) and four-dimensional (4DUS) ultrasound in perinatal medicine. METHODS: We systematically searched Medline through PubMED (January 2000-January 2006), including EMBASE/Excerpta Medica database as well…

OBJECTIVES: To describe the role of neurosurgical techniques in treatment of symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: A review of the existing world literature searching (using PubMed, August 22, 2005) for key words 'multiple sclerosis' and multiple symptoms associated with MS including trigeminal neuralgia, pain…

OBJECTIVE: To review the first clinically useful N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) inhibitor for the treatment of dementia, memantine. DATA SOURCE: A MEDLINE/PUBMED search was conducted to identify pertinent studies, case reports, letters, and reviews in the English language. All articles published from 1950 to March 2003 w…

BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity represent an increasing health problem. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of obesity. This article summarises the genetic aspects of these conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted using PubMed and OMIM. Both original and r…

The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) integrates data from more than 20 biological databases through a flexible search and retrieval system called Entrez. A core Entrez database, Entrez Nucleotide, includes GenBank and is tightly linked to the NCBI Taxonomy database, the Entrez Protein database, and…

BACKGROUND: The escalating threat of antimicrobial resistance has renewed interest in bacteriophage (phage) therapy, with encapsulation emerging as a promising strategy to enhance phage stability, bioavailability and targeted delivery. OBJECTIVES: To comprehensively map and synthesize the available in vivo evidence on…

BACKGROUND: Fungal infections of the central nervous system (FIs-CNS) have become significantly more common over the past 2 decades. Invasion of the CNS largely depends on the immune status of the host and the virulence of the fungal strain. Infections with fungi cause a significant morbidity in immunocompromised hosts…

BACKGROUND: Among pediatric patients, newborns are at highest risk of developing thromboembolism. Neonatal thromboembolic (TE) events may consist of both venous and arterial thromboses and often iatrogenic complications (eg, central catheterization). Treatment guidelines for pediatric patients with TE events most often…

INTRODUCTION: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy in which activating KRAS mutations, present in more than 90% of tumors, constitute the principal oncogenic driver. Advances in structural biology have enabled the pharmacologic targeting of KRAS, a protein historically regarded as 'undrug…

Fresh cheeses are highly perishable dairy products due to their high moisture content, pH, and other intrinsic characteristics that support microbial growth. This scoping review synthesized the available evidence on spoilage-associated bacteria in fresh cow cheeses, the physicochemical and sensory changes associated wi…

This systematic review aimed to critically evaluate the association between pesticide exposure and the brain tumors in adults, taking into account epidemiological evidence, biologically plausible mechanisms, and public health implications. A systematic search of international databases, including PubMed, SciELO, Embase…

Environmental particulate matter pollution is commonly associated with adverse pregnancy outcome, and impaired trophoblast development and function; however, the underlying biological mechanisms remain poorly understood. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the detrimental effects of particulate matter on cell viabil…