5,083,129 papers found

There is growing recognition that young people should be given opportunities to participate in the decisions that affect their lives, such as advisory groups, representative councils, advocacy or activism. Positive youth development theory and sociopolitical development theory propose pathways through which youth parti…

BACKGROUND: A recent world health report suggests that there is a growing rehabilitation human resource crisis. This review focuses on the capacity-building needed to meet present and future rehabilitation challenges in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Capacity-building is the process by which individuals and…

BACKGROUND: Although simulation-based education (SBE) has become increasingly popular as a mode of teaching in undergraduate nursing courses, its effect on associated student learning outcomes remains ambiguous. Educational outcomes are influenced by SBE quality that is governed by technology, training, resources and S…

INTRODUCTION: Prehospital care is an essential component in reducing mortality for patients presenting with emergency medical conditions. Prehospital systems tend to be underdeveloped or non-existent in these areas, with less than 1% of low-income and middle-income country (LMIC) populations served by an organised preh…

INTRODUCTION: Aspirin is widely used to prevent pregnancy related vascular disorders such as preeclampsia (PE), intrauterine growth restriction and maternal disorders. However, the indications for the use of aspirin during pregnancy is currently controversial because the dosage of aspirin used and the sample sizes in v…

The USDA's Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review (NESR) team conducts food- and nutrition-related systematic reviews used to inform US Federal guidelines and programs, including the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. NESR's systematic review methodology includes a step to grade the strength of the evidence underlying con…

INTRODUCTION: Non-ambulant children and young people with physical disabilities are at high risk of experiencing negative health outcomes associated with sedentary time. A previous scoping review summarising evidence relating to sedentary behaviours of children with physical disabilities identified the need for validat…

INTRODUCTION: The World Health Organisation endorses community-based programmes as a cost-effective, feasible and a 'best buy' in the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). These programmes are particularly successful when the community actively participates in its design, implementation and eva…

INTRODUCTION: Positive surgical margins (PSM) in cancer patients are commonly associated with worse prognosis and a higher risk of secondary treatment. However, the relevance of this parameter in prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) remains controversial, given the inconsistencies in its abili…

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis is the most common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with serious social and economic burden. Siponimod is a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist, and clinical trials in the past decade have shown good prospects for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. But there is a…

BACKGROUND: Parental attachment was defined as: series of inner behaviors that would cause the infant to develop an intimate relation with his/her parents. This emotional relationship is formed long before birth during the pregnancy and has been associated with psychosocial outcomes for women and children. This relatio…

BACKGROUND: Hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative damage is a well-established factor implicated in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in diabetic individuals. Some of the well-known characteristics of DCM include increased myocardial left ventricular wall thickness and remodelling that result in reduced cardi…

BACKGROUND: Total joint replacement (TJR) procedures have been one of the most rewarding interventions for treating patients suffering from joint disease. However, developing a periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication that is associated with the highest burden of cost and reduction in patients' qu…

BACKGROUND: Micro-costing is a cost estimation method that allows for precise assessment of the economic costs of health interventions. It has been demonstrated to be particularly useful for estimating the costs of new interventions, for interventions with large variability across providers, and for estimating the true…

BACKGROUND: Aspirin, a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet properties, is widely used during pregnancy to prevent preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Despite its benefits, low-dose aspirin (LDA) has been linked to obstetric haemorrhage, including postpartum h…

INTRODUCTION: This systematic review aims to synthesise current evidence on gut microbiome profiles among children with sickle cell disease (SCD), assess the influence of analgesic and antibiotic use, and explore the contributions of environmental factors on their gut microbiota diversity. Through identification of con…

INTRODUCTION: Children's medical fear refers to the negative emotional experiences, including fear, anxiety and nervousness, that arise when children are confronted with medical procedures and related events during healthcare encounters. This phenomenon exerts substantial negative impacts on treatment adherence, proced…

INTRODUCTION: Dental neglect in children and adolescents is a form of child maltreatment and can be an indicator of other forms of maltreatment. Early identification of dental neglect is essential to initiate preventive interventions and connect families to appropriate health and social services to avoid further harm a…

BACKGROUND: Chronic inflammation is a critical public health concern that, in children and adolescents, increases the long-term risk of a variety of different health issues. While mind-body therapies like yoga, meditation, and acupuncture have shown promise in modulating immune responses in adults, their safety and eff…