1,557,902 papers found

The surprising results of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) reported in 2002 had a profound effect on women as well as health care practitioners. The WHI was the largest, randomized clinical trial designed to determine if postmenopausal hormone use prevented cardiovascular disease as well as other age-related disorde…

Clinical trials may lead to conflicting results. We studied how different ways of reporting results affected physicians' recommendations. A questionnaire distributed to 148 general practitioners presented results of a clinical trial where a reduction of cardiac events and an increase of mortality was reported. Results…

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is often not responsive to conventional supportive therapy and the mortality rate may exceed 90%. A new form of supportive care, extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R), has shown a dramatic increase in survival (48%). A controlled clinical trial of the new ECCO2R thera…

Turbuhaler is a ready-loaded multiple dose inhaler which does not require co-ordination between release of dose and inhalation. 57 children with asthma participated in this clinical trial to compare the clinical effect and acceptance of terbutaline sulphate via Turbuhaler with that of metered dose inhaler (MDI). The tr…

A clinical trial, as described in this report, has been designed to compare the effects of carotid endarterectomy and medical treatment with aspirin for prevention of transient ischemic attack, reversible ischemic neurologic deficit, and ischemic stroke in patients with asymptomatic pressure-significant carotid stenosi…

Forty-eight black patients with mildly increased blood pressure (BP) that had not yet been subjected to treatment took part in a double-blind clinical trial of the efficacy and tolerability of oral potassium supplements (64 mmol daily) versus a matching placebo (made of starch with coating) in a 16-week study. Potassiu…

A double-blind, double-dummy controlled study to compare the clinical efficacy and gastric tolerability of salsalate and piroxicam in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis was performed. Twenty-three patients were treated with 1.5 g salsalate twice daily and 20 with 20 mg piroxicam (taken after the evening meal) for a…

Certain groups of patients requiring enteral nutritional support are at increased risk of regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration of feed. Positioning of enteral feeding tubes distal to the pylorus has been advocated as a method of reducing such complications. Various techniques have been suggested to achieve postpylori…

CSP #221 is a randomized multiinstitutional clinical trial to assess the efficacy of 10 d of perioperative total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in reducing morbidity and mortality in malnourished patients undergoing intraperitoneal and/or intrathoracic operations. In this paper a detailed protocol for the clinical efficacy…

A 24-month clinical trial, begun on a double-blind basis, was conducted in 153 men with discernible male pattern baldness of the crown with the use of either topically applied placebo, 2% minoxidil, or 3% minoxidil solution. After 4 months the patients using placebo were switched to 3% minoxidil solution. At 12 months,…

Nadolol, a nonselective beta-blocker, has been shown to decrease portal pressure in patients with cirrhosis at the same degree as propranolol. No data are available, however, about its effect on rebleeding rate and mortality in patients undergoing prevention of rebleeding from esophageal varices. A prospective randomiz…

In a double-blind clinical trial of 48 patients, nalbuphine, morphine, and pethidine were compared by on-demand intravenous analgesia during the first 24 hours after cholecystectomy. Overall pain relief (visual analogue score) was recorded by the patients as 50 (SEM 4) for nalbuphine, 44 (SEM 4) for morphine and 53 (SE…

In a one-year clinical trial of pilocarpine gel, a form designed for once-a-day administration, in 83 patients with glaucoma, average intraocular pressures during gel therapy were equal to or slightly lower than previous values during pilocarpine eyedrop therapy (morning values, 18.7 mm Hg vs 19.7 mm Hg; afternoon valu…

Operative bacterial contamination of surgical wounds is common. The ability of the host to eradicate these bacteria and prevent subsequent wound infection is affected by a number of factors; one of these has been shown experimentally to be the presence of suture material in the subcutaneous tissues. In a prospective ra…

A prospective double-blind clinical trial was performed on 161 patients to determine the effectiveness of high-dose steroid therapy in patients admitted comatose after a non-missile-related head injury. Patients were randomized into a high-dose dexamethasone phosphate group and a placebo group. The initial dose of 100…