41,031 papers found

The oral microbiome plays a central role in maintaining both oral and systemic health, and disruptions in its balance can contribute to a wide range of diseases. This review brings together current evidence on how natural products modulate oral microbial communities, promote microbial equilibrium, and help prevent cond…

OBJECTIVE: To summarize current understanding of the roles of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in maintaining salivary gland (SG) homeostasis and its therapeutic potential in SG disorders characterized by acinar atrophy and fibrosis. METHODS: Recent studies and reviews on AMPK signaling, salivary gland pathology, a…

Accessing high-quality, open-access dermatopathology image datasets for learning and cross-referencing is a common challenge for clinicians and trainees. To establish a comprehensive open-access dermatopathology dataset for educational, cross-referencing, and machine-learning purposes, we employed a hybrid workflow to…

INTRODUCTION: Art therapy (AT) is a non-pharmacological complementary intervention that integrates biological, psychological, and cultural dimensions of healing through creative expression. This narrative review aims to synthesize the historical evolution, theoretical foundations, and clinical applications of AT, propo…

BACKGROUND: Research and academic publications are crucial for Indian physicians' professional growth, evidence generation, and academic advancement. It often contributes to the "publish or perish" culture. This study aims to assess Indian physicians' perceptions and self-appraisal on academic publications, for those p…

BACKGROUND: As the population ages and more older adults require support either in Residential Aged Care or through community-based services, the demand for skilled Registered Nurses in this field continues to rise. AIM: This scoping review aimed to identify undergraduate nursing educational interventions co-designed,…

There has been an increase in the number of older populations globally leading to a higher likelihood of multi-morbidities necessitating the use of multiple medications. This often poses the risk of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and polypharmacy among older adults, but their data in the Nepalese context…

INTRODUCTION: Cognitive impairment is a prevalent but underrecognized comorbidity in Heart Failure (HF). This review aimed to synthesize recent evidence on the heart-brain axis, focusing on cerebral perfusion, brain structural changes, and their impact on cognition. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus,…

INTRODUCTION: Medulloblastoma is the predominant malignant neuroepithelial tumor in the central nervous system among children and is recognized as one of the most aggressive tumor types. Despite advances in multimodal therapy, prognosis for certain subgroups remains poor, and survivors often face severe long-term seque…

Empty sella (ES) involves herniation of the pituitary fossa, leading to pituitary flattening. While typically associated with central hypothyroidism, its co-occurrence with hyperthyroidism is rarely reported and often overlooked. We report a rare case of hyperthyroidism in a patient with ES. The patient was diagnosed w…

INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer is typically diagnosed following prostate biopsy. In low-risk and selected favourable intermediate-risk disease, active surveillance is the treatment strategy of choice. In these men, a confirmatory biopsy performed. We report on the rates of risk upgrading at biopsy confirmatory that may…

BACKGROUND: Interleukin (IL)-13 is a central mediator of airway inflammation in asthma, and gene polymorphisms may play a role in asthma pathogensis. However, the relationship between IL-13 gene polymorphisms and asthma susceptibility remain unclear. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate this relations…

BACKGROUND: Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare malignant odontogenic tumor with limited knowledge surrounding its pathogenesis, molecular pathways, clinical behavior, treatment, and prognosis. This 40-year literature scoping review aims to enhance the comprehension of this complex condition, looking closely at how A…

INTRODUCTION: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains a mainstay for refractory respiratory failure in select pediatric patients. Clinical practice surrounding its use continues to evolve, reflecting advances in technology, management strategies, and patient selection. Ongoing research and innovation are act…

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that involves the central nervous system. MS is prevalent among young adults and progressively destroys axons and myelin. Individuals with MS often experience complications, such as lower urinary tract dysfunction, urinary tract infections (UTIs) and sexual dysfunction.…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Local and systemic inflammation is common after surgery and is associated with morbidity and mortality. Inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in cancer metastasis following cancer surgery. The present study aimed to analyze inflammatory cytokines levels after surgery under combined epid…

INTRODUCTION: Chronic cough is a persistent condition that significantly affects patients' quality of life and poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Traditional anatomical diagnostic approaches often fail to address the underlying mechanisms, leading to suboptimal treatment outcomes. AREA COVERED: This review a…

OBJECTIVE: To summarize significant research contributions published in 2023 in the field of clinical decision support (CDS) systems and to select the best papers for the Decision Support section of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook 2024. METHODS: We refreshed a previous search query fo…

OBJECTIVES: To compare the accuracy rates of the detection and staging of oesophago and gastric carcinomas between PET/MRI and PET/CT. METHODS: An extensive librarian-led literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Library, and CNKI was performed and a meta-analysis was done. RESULTS: Si…

The social determinants of tuberculosis (TB) are well established. However, evidence indicates that genetic variants may also significantly influence an individual's susceptibility to or resistance to TB. The risk of TB is connected to polymorphisms in genes related to immunity and inflammation. While there is a growin…