44,629 papers found

OBJECTIVE: Technological advances in medicine have given rise to a dilemma concerning the use of new health technologies in a context of limited financial resources. In the field of psychiatry, health economic evaluation is a recent method that can assist in choosing interventions with different cost and/or effectivene…

Background. Chinese herbs are potentially effective for hypertension. Qi Ju Di Huang Wan (QJDHW) is a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine as a monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive agents for the treatment of essential hypertension (EH). However, there is no critically appraised evidence such as s…

Hypomagnesemia is a serious adverse event for patients treated with cetuximab, an inhibitor of endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, no significant association has yet been established between cetuximab and hypomagnesemia in randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). The present study conducted a syste…

BACKGROUND: Depression is a common health problem, ranking third after cardiac and respiratory diseases as a major cause of disability. There is evidence to suggest that university students are at higher risk of depression, despite being a socially advantaged population, but the reported rates have shown wide variabili…

The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of various types of lasers used as an adjunct to chemo-mechanical disinfection of infected root canals with the outcome measures 'normal periapical condition' or 'reduction of microbial load'. PubMed, CENTRAL and ISI Web of Knowledge literature searches with specific indexing terms…

Free radicals are highly reactive and unstable compounds. These highly reactive molecules cause oxidative damage to cellular components such as DNA, proteins and lipids. They play central role in the mechanism of cell injury and cell death. Free radical scavengers either prevent these reactive species from being formed…

OBJECTIVE: A systematic review to compare the effectiveness of the use of cartilage (with or without perichondrium) with temporalis fascia used in tympanoplasty. DATA SOURCE: The following databases were searched for relevant studies: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library including the Cochrane Central Registe…

For the many years, the central dogma of molecular biology has been that RNA functions mainly as an informational intermediate between a DNA sequence and its encoded protein. But one of the great surprises of modern biology was the discovery that protein-coding genes represent less than 2% of the total genome sequence,…

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prospective relationship between physical activity and academic performance. DATA SOURCES: Prospective studies were identified from searches in PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central, and Sportdiscus from 1990 through 2010. STUDY SELECTION: We screened the titles and abstracts for eligibility,…

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to inform wound care practitioners of mesenchymal stem cell application for nonhealing wounds. Recent advances in delivery systems are also discussed in order to highlight potential improvements toward clinical application of stem cell therapy for chronic wounds. DATA SOURCES:…

BACKGROUND: Mental and substance use disorders are a leading cause of morbidity among young people. Policy and clinical services in Ireland are endeavouring to address these twin issues. AIMS: To review the emerging literature on the role of general practice in addressing youth mental health and to discuss the implica…

INTRODUCTION: A systematic review of mandibular midline distraction (MMD) was carried out to assess effectiveness, treatment related difficulties, complications and biomechanical effects of this treatment modality objectively. MATERIAL & METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCT), controlled clinical trials (CCT) and…

BACKGROUND: Mallet finger is a common injury. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the different treatment options of mallet injuries and their indications, outcomes, and potential complications. METHODS: A literature-based study was conducted using the PubMed database comprising world literature from Janu…

CONTEXT: Many herbal remedies have so far been employed for the treatment and management of various ailments since the beginning of human civilization. Medicago is an extensive genus of the family Leguminosae, comprising about 83 different species. Medicago sativa (Linn.) has long been used as traditional herbal medici…

PURPOSE: To review the English language publications addressing the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection in a variety of eye conditions and analyze the data where possible. METHODS: Examination of data obtained using a Pubmed literature search conducted mid May 2007 with the keywords "intravitreal bevaci…

BACKGROUND: Prolonged administration of benzodiazepines and/or opioids to children in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) may induce physiological dependence and withdrawal symptoms. OBJECTIVE: We reviewed the literature for relevant contributions on the nature of these withdrawal symptoms and on availability of va…

PURPOSE: Accompanying abdominal injuries are frequent in multiply injured patients and are a common cause of death. A search of the literature was performed focusing on key aspects of initial surgical procedures in abdominal injury. METHODS: Literature was searched utilizing PubMed Medline, the Cochrane Central Regist…

BACKGROUND: Behavioral disturbances of patients with major depression manifest in various motor domains and are relevant for differential diagnosis, therapeutic interventions, as residual symptoms and possibly early manifestation of Parkinson's disease. Alterations of gait as the main component of locomotion are a clin…

INTRODUCTION: Ki-67 has extensively been studied in lung neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), including typical and atypical carcinoid, yet it has never been formally accepted into classification. Its clinical application was limited to the differential diagnosis toward neuroendocrine carcinomas and the characterization of ca…

BACKGROUND: Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), caused by Naegleria fowleri, is a rare but often fatal central nervous system infection that mimics bacterial meningitis. This similarity can lead to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment, especially in neonates and infants, resulting in poor outcomes. This study eval…