391,898 papers found

Aspirin inhibits thromboxane A2 and prostaglandin formation in platelets and prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin) in vascular cells. It prevents platelet aggregation by irreversible acetylation of cyclooxygenase, a key enzyme in the arachidonic acid metabolism. Oral aspirin can be extensively hydrolyzed to inactive salicyla…

The association between different air pollutants and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a growing topic of interest in public health research. This umbrella review and meta-analysis aimed to consolidate current literature on the association between various outdoor air pollutants and T2DM. Subgroups and dose-response re…

BACKGROUND: The interest in psychedelics as a therapeutic intervention for existential distress of people with terminal illness grounds on their mechanism of action and effect on the spiritual/existential aspects accompanying end-of-life experiences. AIMS: This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed at exam…

AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of all brief multidomain alternatives to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in the detection of dementia. METHODS: A literature search, critical appraisal, and meta-analysis were conducted of robust diagnostic validity studies involving cognitive batteries. Twenty-nine di…

Despite the common lay assumption that males and females are profoundly different, Hyde (2005) used data from 46 meta-analyses to demonstrate that males and females are highly similar. Nonetheless, the gender similarities hypothesis has remained controversial. Since Hyde's provocative report, there has been an explosio…

This article reviews psychosocial correlates of adolescent substance use by focusing on the recent empirical literature. Using a tabular format, an attempt is made to provide a facile tool for referencing the literature. Examination of the literature reveals considerable diversity among explanations regarding the varia…

Incidental carcinoma of the prostate is a protean disease with a natural course which may be indolent or aggressive, with prognosis correlated with histologic grade and extent of disease. Treatment of this pathologic entity has varied over time and has been governed by institutional policy rather than randomized compar…

The histologic and cytologic distinction of malignant mesothelioma from carcinomas metastatic to the pleura or peritoneum is often problematic. For this reason immunologic methods are being increasingly used as diagnostic adjuncts. This review summarizes 40 studies on the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen in mesot…

Coronary heart disease mortality has declined in the United States since 1968. Because diet has been implicated, a search was conducted of published individual assessments of food intake since 1920. One hundred seventy-one studies, ranging from 8 to 20,000 subjects and covering all ages, all ethnic groups, and both sex…

Flow cytometric determination of DNA ploidy, the DNA index, and the percentage of cells in the S-phase fraction of the cell cycle have recently emerged as prognostic factors in several human cancers. In most human carcinomas DNA aneuploidy appears to be associated with unfavorable prognosis as compared with diploid or…

The need for further information on drug utilization patterns during pregnancy in different countries was assessed by reviewing literature obtained by hand and computer searches for the years 1960-1988. The 13 identified studies showed that pregnant women used an average of 4.7 drugs. The most commonly ingested medicat…

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Insulin therapy is essential for managing hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus when oral or non-insulin injectable agents are no longer effective. However, the comparative effectiveness and safety of different insulin regimens remain uncertain. We aimed to compare the effects of basal, basal-bolu…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients with visceral disease (VD) represent a high-risk subgroup associated with poor prognosis. Despite the introduction of treatment intensification strategies, the optimal systemic therapy for these patients remains unclear. This networ…

BACKGROUND: The optimal endovascular method to treat infrapopliteal chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) remains to be determined, given the limitations of stent use in infrapopliteal artery disease. We performed a network meta-analysis (NWM) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to simultaneously compare the outc…

OBJECTIVE: To compare intraorifice barrier materials for reinforcing endodontically treated teeth using a network meta-analysis of in vitro studies. METHODS: EBSCO, PubMed, Virtual Health Library, Ovid, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched to December 2025. Eligible studies compar…

BACKGROUND: The therapeutic effects of different combination therapies containing cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors vary. Evidence from head-to-head comparisons is scarce and inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of CETP inhibitor-based combination therapy on lipid levels and explore…

INTRODUCTION: Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is a dermatological side effect of chemotherapies such as capecitabine and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. Over recent years, numerous randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have investigated various pharmacological strategies to prevent HFS. Although urea cream and celecoxib have s…

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Existing evidence suggests that conventional and bulk-fill resin composites (RCs) do not fully restore the physiological fracture resistance of teeth with extensive MOD cavities, leaving posterior restorations susceptible to bulk fracture, particularly in structurally compromised or endodontically…

OBJECTIVE: Nonpharmacological (alternative) interventions (NPIs) for pain relief during vaginal delivery have gained popularity, as adjuncts to pharmacological interventions or as primary treatment. METHODS: We searched PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, and Ovid Discovery for observational trials published through May 2024. Thi…

OBJECTIVE: To identify the optimal whole-body vibration training (WBVT) mechanical vibration frequency for enhancing muscle strength, static balance, dynamic balance, and gait performance among older adults through systematic review and network meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Emb…