11,352,429 papers found

In recent years, many western welfare states have undergone reforms in their social services. These reforms are intended to influence the work of social workers in the public sector, and depend largely upon workers' ability and willingness to implement them. The research presented in this article addresses the reform i…

Research on casual sexual relationships (CSRs) among emerging adults is prevalent, yet our empirical and theoretical knowledge of relationship processes involved in these relationships is limited. The present study's objective was to compare four CSR partner types (acquaintance, friend, non-dating partner, ex-romantic…

Scapular kinematics are important indicators of dyskinesis, often suggesting underlying shoulder pathology, but the influence of sex is unknown. This study's objective was to examine scapular kinematics in healthy males and females. Positions of surface-mounted reflective markers were tracked during arm elevation movem…

BACKGROUND: Individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI) often struggle planning and executing tasks outside daily routines. Given the pervasive effects executive functioning challenges have on independent living, professionals need methods of assessing these skills. OBJECTIVE: This study's purpose was to evaluate an…

BACKGROUND: Adolescent alcohol use varies across Europe. Differences in use might be due to variations in social drinking norms. These norms become apparent, e.g. in different proportions of alcohol drinking types per country. This study's purpose is to cluster European countries according to prevalence rates of alcoho…

OBJECTIVE: Given the increasing diversity among older adults and changes in health policy, knowledge is needed on potential barriers to health care for transgender and gender non-conforming (GNC) individuals. METHOD: Using the 2010 National Transgender Discrimination Survey (NTDS), logistic regression models test diff…

BACKGROUND: Health care reform promotes delivery of mental health care in the community. Outpatient mental healthcare professionals (HCPs) are pressured to discharge patients. This study's purpose: to understand the experience and perceptions of mental HCPs with discharge planning and transitioning patients into commun…

AIM: to establish which unplanned (social developments) and planned (alcohol policy measures) factors are related to per capita consumption and alcohol-related harms in the Netherlands. METHODS: linear regression was used to establish which of the planned and unplanned factors were most strongly connected with alcohol…

Relational aggressors mistreat their targets in covert ways; however, they also inflict psychological harm to victims. A clarification of the distinctive function of the perpetrators' destructive patterns would be helpful for interventional consideration. This study's purpose was to, first, explore the classification o…

Despite efforts to use behavior modification interventions for male perpetrators, intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a significant problem in some male-female relationships. Childhood exposure to traumatic violent experiences, especially when untreated, can influence adult behaviors. Little is known about these po…

Most nursing schools use preceptors to provide critical elements of practice, instruction, and supervision. It is important to understand the factors influencing preceptors to volunteer their time and expertise. The purpose of this survey of advanced practice student clinical preceptors was twofold: to determine the ba…

Latinos underutilize mental health care services. Of those who do, about 70% do not return after the initial visit. This study's purposes were: (1) to identify factors that led non-U.S.-born Latinos to utilize services from a nonprofit clinic in Texas and (2) to assess whether acculturation played a role in accessing m…

AIM: A longitudinal field experiment was conducted to test the effects of absenteeism feedback and goal-setting interventions on nurses' (1) fairness perceptions, (2) discomfort feelings and (3) absenteeism. Nurses' obstacles to reducing absenteeism were also explored. BACKGROUND: Absenteeism is a significant issue in…

Alcohol is frequently related to interpersonal aggression, but information regarding the role of alcohol consumption by victims of severe aggression is however lacking. In order to better understand the dynamic of victimization, we investigated contextual, facilitator, and psychological impact variables related to vict…

Promoting weight loss among overweight low-income postpartum women has proven difficult. The study's aims were to pilot-test ethnic-specific weight-loss interventions using randomized control-group designs for White/Anglo (n = 23), African American (n = 25), and Hispanic low-income postpartum women (n = 23) and draw le…

We described physician usage of persuasive strategies pertaining to four dimensions of medical recommendations given during naturally occurring clinical visits-problem seriousness, treatment effectiveness, patient's self-efficacy, and potential limitations with the recommended treatment. We then examined the impact of…

States have increasingly used Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) to provide medical services to the Medicaid population. However, the effects of these initiatives on total health-care expenses, the mix of utilization, and access to care remain unclear. We examine the effect of changes in Medicaid HMO penetration b…

This study's goal was to characterize physical and social environments of stand-alone bars associated with indoor smoking despite California's smokefree workplace law. In a random sample of 121 stand-alone bars in San Francisco, trained observers collected data on patrons, staff, neighborhood, indoor settings and smoki…

The performance of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), CAGE, Brief Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (Brief MAST), Rapid Alcohol Problems Screen (RAPS), Rapid Alcohol Problems Screen-Quantity and Frequency (RAPS4-QF), and TWEAK was evaluated against a diagnosis of alcohol dependence and harmful drinkin…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study's purpose was to identify variables associated with primary care providers' self-reported rate of health behavior change counseling and confidence in counseling abilities. Of particular interest was the association of provider personal health behavior with reported rate of counseli…