4,953,518 papers found

This article is the second article in a series of six focusing on systematic reviews in animal agriculture and veterinary medicine. This article addresses the strengths and limitations of study designs commonly used in animal agriculture and veterinary research to assess interventions (preventive or therapeutic treatme…

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses lie on the top of the evidence hierarchy because they utilize explicit methods for literature search and retrieval of studies relevant to the review question as well as robust methodology for quality assessment of included studies and quantitative synthesis of results. As opposed to…

This article introduces contemporary ideas and standards for clinical research in rheumatology for randomized trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Examples of different randomized trials in rheumatic diseases are provided to understand the methods for trials and the rationale for outcomes within trials. Insig…

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to offer solutions for automating many of the manual tasks involved in scientific reviews, including data extraction, literature screening, summarization, and quality assessment. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the performance of LLMs in the task of t…

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an emerging exercise strategy to improve health and fitness, but previous studies have evaluated HIIT interventions across different populations and outcomes. This review aimed to comprehensively synthesize published evidence on the effects of HIIT on key cardiometabolic healt…

OBJECTIVE: Elder abuse, an important human rights issue and public health problem, contributes to increased disability and mortality. In the last decades, several reviews have synthesized primary studies to determine its prevalence. This umbrella review aimed to estimate the worldwide overall prevalence rate of elder a…

PURPOSE: To summarize adverse healthcare outcomes experienced by older adults with multimorbidity and barriers perceived by stakeholders regarding the healthcare systems primarily designed to address individual health conditions. Healthcare elements that aim to provide coordinated, continuous, and comprehensive service…

OBJECTIVES: This review aimed to summarise the existing knowledge about placebo and nocebo effects associated with pharmacological interventions and their mechanisms. DESIGN: Umbrella review, adopting the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 tool for critical appraisal. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, We…

BACKGROUND: Procedural sedation aims to facilitate a successful diagnostic or therapeutic procedure. The pharmacokinetic properties and pharmacodynamic effects need to be taken into consideration when choosing the ideal sedative. Midazolam and propofol are frequently employed. However, they are associated with respirat…

In 2012 the European Medicines Agency approved a pineapple stem-derived Bromelain-based debridement concentrate of proteolytic enzymes (NexoBrid®, MediWound Ltd, Yavne, Israel) for adult deep burns. Over 10 000 patients have been successfully treated with NexoBrid® globally, including in the US. The ai…

INTRODUCTION: Research on acupuncture for Parkinson's Disease is growing rapidly. A scoping review examines emerging evidence and is important to guide policy and practice. The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the breadth and methodological quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and to map the qu…

BACKGROUND: In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies aiming to link environmental characteristics to weight-related outcomes have been published, and multiple reviews have attempted to summarise these studies under di…

OBJECTIVE: Physical activity (PA) has substantial benefits across a range of health outcomes. There is uncertainty about the PA-specific health effects, and in particular, the occupational domain. In this umbrella review, we synthesised available evidence on the associations between occupational PA (OPA) and health-rel…

BACKGROUND: Data extraction forms link systematic reviews with primary research and provide the foundation for appraising, analysing, summarising and interpreting a body of evidence. This makes their development, pilot testing and use a crucial part of the systematic reviews process. Several studies have shown that dat…

INTRODUCTION: Costs associated with the delivery of healthcare services are growing at an unsustainable rate. There is a need for health systems and healthcare providers to consider the economic impacts of the service models they deliver and to determine if alternative models may lead to improved efficiencies without c…

INTRODUCTION: Many researchers have addressed overdosage and inappropriate use of antibiotics. Many meta-analyses have investigated antibiotic prophylaxis for low-risk laparoscopic cholecystectomy with the aim of reducing unnecessary antibiotic use. Most of these meta-analyses have concluded that prophylactic antibioti…

OBJECTIVE: Cisplatin is one of efficacious medicines for TGCT, but is not in 18WHO EML now. The Union for International Cancer Control recommended cisplatin to the 19WHO EML for TGCT. To evaluate the effectiveness, safety and cost of cisplatin for TGCT according to the requirements of WHO EML Expert Committee, and to p…

To summarize the current evidence on the effectiveness of school-based interventions for the maintenance of mental health and the prevention of psychosocial problems among pupils.A systematic literature search of reviews published between 2007 and 2015 was carried out. Databases searched included Medline, PsycINFO, Cam…

Sequential analysis of clinical trials allows researchers a continuous monitoring of emerging data and greater security to avoid subjecting the trial participants to a less effective therapy before the inferiority is evident, while controlling the overall error rate. Although it has been widely used since its developme…

BACKGROUND: Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) is among the most common reasons for neurology outpatient referrals, characterized by disabling motor, sensory, speech, and dissociative symptoms. It poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, often requiring multidisciplinary management and a biopsychosocial framewo…