381,590 papers found

Amid rising national rates of childhood depression and anxiety,the development and accessibility of therapeutic psychosocial interventions for children have taken on paramount importance. Given the limited bandwidth of the existing clinical mental health services nationally, there is also an imperative to integrate the…

Many researchers rely on meta-analysis to summarize research evidence. However, there is a concern that publication bias and selective reporting may lead to biased meta-analytic effect sizes. We compare the results of meta-analyses to large-scale preregistered replications in psychology carried out at multiple laborato…

Guided bone-regeneration techniques use either resorbable or nonresorbable membrane. Ideal membrane material should be biocompatible with tissue integration, be able to create and maintain space, be occlusive with selective permeability, and have good handling properties. Commercially available nonresorbable membranes…

We propose statistical methods to detect novel genetic variants using only genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data without access to raw genotype and phenotype data. With more and more summary data being posted for public access in the post GWAS era, the proposed methods are practically very useful to ident…

The exponential increase in publications focusing on important clinical issues represents a major challenge for patients, physicians, and decision-makers, despite the braggadocio of many experts. Meta-analysis, when conducted within the context of a systematic review, offers an efficient and potent tool to summarize th…

A discrete random effects model (Lan and Pinheiro, 2012) was proposed recently for multiregional clinical trials for continuous responses. This article elucidates further the application of this model to time-to-event and binary responses. We provide some guidelines on how to design multiregional trials and also show h…

Translational research of time-series of gene-expression microarray datasets makes use on gene expression profiles that have been obtained at different points in time. Our web-based multi-user program helps a researcher find temporal patterns like peaks in large pre-selected microarray data sets that include data from…

H. pylori is a definite carcinogen of gastric cancer. Animal studies have revealed that primary prevention of gastric cancer by H. pylori eradication is more effective as the duration between H. pylori infection and H. pylori eradication is decreased. In human, the cohort studies showed H. pylori eradication reduced th…

Concern has been raised about an increased risk of lymphoma and skin cancers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis due to administration of anti-TNF-α drugs. Meta-analysis of observational data from registries as well as from randomized controlled trials has failed to show a significant increase in the risk of ly…

Meta-analysis across genome-wide association studies is a common approach for discovering genetic associations. However, in some meta-analysis efforts, individual-level data cannot be broadly shared by study investigators due to privacy and Institutional Review Board concerns. In such cases, researchers cannot confirm…

Since 2005, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have yielded an unprecedented number of complex dis-eases/traits-associated variants. Recently, scientists have focused on performing further analysis by utilizing the genome-wide genotyping data to identify more susceptibility genes of complex diseases/traits. Many st…

A meta-analysis of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals failed to show a mortality benefit even though tuberculosis is a leading cause of death in this group. Results for purified protein derivative (PPD) positive patients were heterogeneous, however, and two of the in…

OBJECTIVE: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are increasingly frequently used in the evaluation of medical treatments. This review explains the principles of the methodology, significance and limitations of systematic reviews. METHOD: Short review article. RESULTS: In contrast to conventional reviews, systematic r…

Frequent falls, disused atrophy or sarcopenia, as well as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, are commonly found and the major risk factors for musculoskeletal ambulation disability symptom complex (MADS) among the elderly. In this article, focusing on the frequent falls and sarcopenia, the author is dealing with exercise…

Although ibandronate improves suboptimal compliance in patients receiving weekly bisphosphonates, there is a concern about its effect on the reduction of nonvertebral fractures. In the era of evidence-based medicine, randomized clinical trials are considered the highest quality evidence which guide us to the best clini…

Adjuvant chemotherapy, initiated following surgery, aims at controlling "microscopic" metastatic disease before its progression to a "clinical" recurrence. Its efficiency in localized breast cancer was officially demonstrated in 1992 in the Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group meta-analysis. This analysis…