42,210 papers found

BACKGROUND: Prolonged administration of benzodiazepines and/or opioids to children in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) may induce physiological dependence and withdrawal symptoms. OBJECTIVE: We reviewed the literature for relevant contributions on the nature of these withdrawal symptoms and on availability of va…

PURPOSE: Accompanying abdominal injuries are frequent in multiply injured patients and are a common cause of death. A search of the literature was performed focusing on key aspects of initial surgical procedures in abdominal injury. METHODS: Literature was searched utilizing PubMed Medline, the Cochrane Central Regist…

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has emerged as a promising imaging modality in obstetrics, offering new insights into placental and maternal vascular function. We conducted a systematic review, registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024508860), to summarize the current clinical and research applications of CEUS during pregna…

Restoring muscle function to patients with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) will invariably require a functioning lower motor neuron (LMN). As techniques such as nerve transfer surgery emerge, characterizing the extent of LMN damage associated with SCIs becomes clinically important. Current methods of LMN diagnosis have inh…

Impulse control disorders (ICDs) are a common non-motor complication in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with multiple negative consequences for the individual and caregivers. Although ICDs are strongly linked to dopaminergic therapy, particularly dopamine agonists, only a percentage of patients develop these behavior…

Mobile phone-based text messages have been used to address alcohol use disorder in younger populations by promoting abstinence, decreased alcohol intake, and moderation.A meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the effectiveness of mobile phone text messaging to address problem drinking by youth and younger adults.Aut…

Sequential multiple assignments randomized trials (SMARTs) are a type of experimental design where patients may be randomised multiple times according to pre-specified decision rules. The present work investigates the state-of-the-art of SMART designs in oncology, focusing on the discrepancy between the available metho…

Social determinants of health (SDH) account for 50% of the variance in health outcomes and significantly contribute to health disparities. Proven strategies to address SDH in practice require interprofessional collaboration and community partnerships. Health professions students need to understand how to work in an int…

IntroductionCardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) plays a central role in pediatric cardiac surgery, yet standardized quality indicators (QIs) specific to pediatric practice remain underutilized across institutions.MethodsA comprehensive review of literature from 2010 to 2025 was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane…

OBJECTIVE:  To identify the potential associations of patient-, treatment-, and central venous access device (CVAD)-related factors with the CVAD-related thrombosis (CRT) risk in hospitalized children. METHODS:  A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China National K…

BACKGROUND: Fungal infections of the central nervous system (FIs-CNS) have become significantly more common over the past 2 decades. Invasion of the CNS largely depends on the immune status of the host and the virulence of the fungal strain. Infections with fungi cause a significant morbidity in immunocompromised hosts…

BACKGROUND: Among pediatric patients, newborns are at highest risk of developing thromboembolism. Neonatal thromboembolic (TE) events may consist of both venous and arterial thromboses and often iatrogenic complications (eg, central catheterization). Treatment guidelines for pediatric patients with TE events most often…

Molecular degraders represent a ground-breaking class of small molecules revolutionizing drug discovery through the selective elimination of disease-causing proteins, including those previously deemed "undruggable." This review provides a critical analysis of the design and mechanistic intricacies of molecular degrader…

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects synovial membranes, leading to relentless progressive joint damage. This pathological process is regulated by transcription factors, such as NF-κB, STAT3, TGF-β, WNT, p38 MAPK, mTOR, AP-1, TLR-4, SOCS-4, YY-1, IR…

BACKGROUND: This study assesses the frequency of sarcopenia in patients with breast cancer (BC) and its association with mortality rates. METHODS: An all-encompassing search across (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL) was done, to identify studies, published until August 2023, that report data on sarcopenia an…

BACKGROUND The shoulder is a complex joint that has the most extensive range of motion among all joints, resulting in more susceptibility to dislocation. The treatment for acute shoulder dislocation is closed reduction, which should be performed immediately. Arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR) is a procedure for treating…

Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is common in hemodialysis patients and can lead to several complications. Risk factors for IDH include demographic characteristics, comorbidities, dialysis procedure factors, and so on. Clinical studies on predictive models for dialysis-induced hypotension have shown inconsistent results…

OBJECTIVE: This meta-synthesis of qualitative studies aimed to explore the experiences and needs of family members of victims of sudden cardiac death. DESIGN: A meta-synthesis was conducted. DATA SOURCES: Five databases (PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searche…

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of different medical interventions in managing labor pain has yielded mixed results. Therefore, this systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive summary of the available evidence on the impact of different strategies for reducing labor pain. METHODS: We sy…

Regulatory authorities authorize the clinical use of generic drugs (GD) based on bioequivalence studies, which consist of the evaluation of pharmacokinetics after a single dose in vitro or in healthy individuals. There are few data on clinical equivalence between generic and branded antibiotics. Our aim was to synthesi…