44,622 papers found

OBJECTIVES: Three patients presenting with a first episode of psychosis each had a past history of social phobia. We sought to explore the literature on the co-occurrence of these disorders and investigate three hypotheses to explain this: (1) the chance co-occurrence of two illnesses with distinct aetiologies; (2) two…

INTRODUCTION: The development of chronic ankle instability (CAI) is the primary residual deficit after ankle joint sprain. It has been proposed that CAI is characterized by two entities, namely, mechanical instability and functional instability. Each of these entities in turn is composed of various insufficiencies. Res…

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission is mainly due to parenteral exposure; however, in absence of such risk factor, there are reports of intrafamilial spread of HCV and observational studies suggest an increased risk for households of infected subjects. The aim of our study was to systematically review and…

The relationship between inflammation and cancer is intriguing. Mechanisms contributing to the pathobiology of carcinogenesis are multiple and complex. Many aspects still elude researchers and are subjects of intense speculation and debate, for example, the triggering factor for malignant transformation in inflammation…

The analysis of expression and CGH arrays plays a central role in the study of complex diseases, especially cancer, including finding markers for early diagnosis and prognosis, choosing an optimal therapy, or increasing our understanding of cancer development and metastasis. Asterias (http://www.asterias.info) is an in…

OBJECTIVE: To examine difficulties in sedation management in the critically ill patient and explore how a semi automated sedation controller can improve agitation control. To present recent work on measurements of agitation, dynamic systems modelling and control of patient agitation response. DATA SOURCES: Articles an…

OBJECTIVES: To highlight the clinical and metabolic correlates of abdominal obesity and various abdominal adipose tissue depots. METHODS: We researched the topic using the search terms abdominal obesity, central obesity, visceral obesity, regional obesity, and subcutaneous adipose tissue from MEDLINE (National Library…

BACKGROUND: Postmenopausal women experience accelerated ageing of arterial vessels and increased cardiovascular disease risk. Exercise training, as a non-pharmacological intervention, holds great value in improving cardiovascular issues such as arterial stiffness. OBJECTIVE: The present systematic review and meta-anal…

We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on central nervous system (CNS) infections in patients with SLE, in order to describe their clinical and microbiological characteristics, and outcomes. A systematic search of PubMed/Medline and Embase electronic databases was performed (March 2021) to…

BACKGROUND: Ménière's disease or syndrome is a chronic inner ear disorder that results in sporadic attacks of vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, aural fullness and tinnitus.There is no definitive treatment for Ménière's disease and treatment options range from dietary modification through medicati…

BACKGROUND: Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are second-line antimicrobial agents. Once the decision to prescribe an antimicrobial is made, the choice of antimicrobial should be based on both the benefits and adverse effects. This systematic review quantifies the occurrence of common adverse events (AEs) related to FQs in relati…

BACKGROUND: Central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) is common in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Prophylactic central lymph node dissection (PCLND) for patients with clinically negative central compartment lymph nodes (CN0) remains controversial. The phrase "clinically negative" is used to indicate that patients exhibi…

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to review the current evidence-based data regarding strategies for prevention of central venous catheter (CVC) infections at the time of catheter insertion and as a part of routine care. METHODS: We conducted a PubMed search from January 1990 to November 2010 using the following keywo…

Biomedical engineering (BME) education is critical to the growth of engineering-driven healthcare entrepreneurs and the enhancement of health systems globally. This study examines the evolution of BME education research over the past 20 years, with a focus on Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), using a mixed-methods approach tha…

Molecular degraders represent a ground-breaking class of small molecules revolutionizing drug discovery through the selective elimination of disease-causing proteins, including those previously deemed "undruggable." This review provides a critical analysis of the design and mechanistic intricacies of molecular degrader…

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects synovial membranes, leading to relentless progressive joint damage. This pathological process is regulated by transcription factors, such as NF-κB, STAT3, TGF-β, WNT, p38 MAPK, mTOR, AP-1, TLR-4, SOCS-4, YY-1, IR…

Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is common in hemodialysis patients and can lead to several complications. Risk factors for IDH include demographic characteristics, comorbidities, dialysis procedure factors, and so on. Clinical studies on predictive models for dialysis-induced hypotension have shown inconsistent results…

OBJECTIVE: This meta-synthesis of qualitative studies aimed to explore the experiences and needs of family members of victims of sudden cardiac death. DESIGN: A meta-synthesis was conducted. DATA SOURCES: Five databases (PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searche…

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of different medical interventions in managing labor pain has yielded mixed results. Therefore, this systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive summary of the available evidence on the impact of different strategies for reducing labor pain. METHODS: We sy…

OBJECTIVE: Antiseizure medications (ASMs) are first line therapy for seizure disorders. Their effects on arrhythmias, especially the risk of arrhythmias associated with lacosamide (LCM), levetiracetam (LEV), and perampanel (PER), have been intensely investigated. METHODS: We searched four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Co…