11,527,449 papers found

BACKGROUND: This study's aim was to clarify the relationship of having hobbies and a purpose in life (PIL; in Japanese, ikigai) with mortality and a decline in the activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) among the community-dwelling elderly. METHODS: Prospective observational data from residents a…

INTRODUCTION: A large proportion of individuals with gambling disorder also present with a history of alcohol dependence, but few studies have directly examined the relationship between these two conditions. This study's primary and secondary aims were to 1) examine the relationship of personality traits to co-occurrin…

BACKGROUND: This study's aim was to assess the efficacy of intestinal decompression with long tube and selective intestinal radiography in the diagnosis and treatment of small bowel obstruction (SBO) in elderly patients. METHODS: Thirty-two elderly patients with SBO received intestinal decompression with a 300-cm long…

OBJECTIVE: Stress-related physiological activation may last longer for those who ruminate, or dwell, on past stressors. Correlational and quasi-experimental research has linked rumination to immune activity and elevated cortisol. This study's aim was to experimentally test whether rumination (relative to distraction) c…

OBJECTIVE: Cancer patients who smoke are advised to quit smoking to reduce treatment complications and future cancer risk. This study's main objective was to evaluate the efficacy of a novel, presurgical cessation intervention in newly diagnosed cancer patients scheduled for surgical hospitalization. METHOD: We conduc…

PURPOSE: This study's purpose was to describe the primary dentin reactions following restoration without complete removal of infected dentin. METHODS: Fragments of carious dentin from 43 teeth with acute deep lesions were removed at baseline and compared to samples of carious dentin removed 60 days later, using scanni…

The survival of osteosarcoma and Ewing family tumours has been improved by the introduction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The response to preoperative chemotherapy is evaluated on the microscopic analysis of the surgical resection, by the percentage of tumour necrosis according to the Huvos and Rosen's grading. It remai…

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the traditional gold standard evidence for medical decision-making. However, protocols that limit enrollment eligibility introduce selection error that severely limits a RCT's applicability to a wide range of patients. Conversely, high quality observational data can be representa…

BACKGROUND: No randomized control trial to date has studied the use of cervical spine management strategies in cases of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) at risk for cervical spine instability solely due to damaged ligaments. A computer algorithm is used to decide between four cervical spine management strategies. A…

BACKGROUND: There is a discrepancy in reporting biochemical recurrence (BCR) rates in patients with positive surgical margins (PSM) after a radical prostatectomy (RP), ranging between 19 and 61%. Our aim was to identify the parameters that contribute to the absence of BCR in patients with PSM by performing a multivaria…

The objectives of this review were to determine whether the long-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and/or docosahexaenoic acid dose-dependently reduce fasting serum triglycerides (TG) and, if so, to create a mathematical model that may be used to predict potential percent reductions in fasting serum TG le…

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Racial disparities among US stroke patients have been well documented. However, the extent to which disparities in outcomes vary by age is unclear. This study's goals were to examine the degree of racial disparities in South Carolina between African Americans (AAs) and Caucasian Americans (CAs)…

The study's objectives were to investigate (1) the frequency of perceived stress, anxiety, and depression for patients with common voice disorders, (2) the distribution of these variables by diagnosis, and (3) the distribution of the variables by gender. Retrospective data were derived from self-report questionnaires a…

Impulsivity is a personality trait characterized by acting suddenly in an unplanned manner in order to satisfy a desire without consideration for the consequences of such behavior. There are several psychiatric disorders that include the term impulsivity as a criterion and, therefore, it has been suggested that impulsi…

OBJECTIVE: This study's objective was to document and describe osteoporosis preventive care for women age 45 years and older in community family medicine practices. METHODS: We conducted a crosssectional mailed survey of 400 women age 45 years and older enrolled in a community-based family medicine research network. P…

OBJECTIVE/PURPOSE: Psychosocial adjustment, coping, and quality of life for persons with a venous ulcer and a history of intravenous drug use were examined. DESIGN: A cross-sectional design was used. SETTING AND SUBJECTS: Data were collected in an urban outpatient clinic. All eligible persons were asked to participat…

Most studies on the effects of lead on the peripheral nerves used "current' blood lead levels of the workers and infer the nerve conduction's findings to it. This practice is not ideal as the toxicity of lead on the peripheral nerves occurs over a period of time. Seventy-two workers in a lead battery manufacturing fact…

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome that has a negative effect on functional status, a multidimensional concept characterizing one's ability to provide for the necessities of life. Symptoms might be associated with different aspects of functional status in HF. However, the terms functional capacity an…

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have suggested a high incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in heart transplant recipients. However, incidence trends of AF in heart transplant recipients remain unclear. The study's aims were (1) to investigate the pooled incidence/incidence trends of AF following heart transplantation and…

BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicate that psychological, social, and organizational factors at work contribute to health, motivation, absence from work, and functional ability. The objective of the study was to assess the current state of knowledge of the contribution of psychological, social, and organizational facto…