41,016 papers found

BACKGROUND: Endosonography [endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine needle aspiration and endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration] is increasingly used for lung cancer staging and the assessment of sarcoidosis. Serious adverse events (SAE) have been reported in case reports, but the true…

Some studies have reported the importance of electroencephalography (EEG) as a method for investigating abnormal parameters in psychiatric disorders. Different findings in time and frequency domain analysis with regard to central nervous system arousal during acute panic states have already been obtained. This study ai…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the evidence on pre- and post-injury predictors of vocational outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). LITERATURE SELECTION AND CRITICAL ANALYSIS: The search was conducted on PubMed and Central databases since 1990. A clinical question was formulated according to the PICO framework. Clinical r…

OBJECTIVE: Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) is a common and safe antimicrobial agent and has been used widely in hand hygiene and skin disinfection; however, whether daily bathing with CHG results in the reduced acquired infection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions on accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched the databases of PubMed, Embase, Science Citation Index, CENTRAL, and SIGLE from January 1990 to August 2011 for randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials that assessed the ef…

OBJECTIVES: To provide an up-to-date review of the literature on the safety and efficacy of the endoscopic technique for cerebrospinal (CSF) leak repairs. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Medline/Old Medline, and Cochrane Central databases. REVIEW METHODS: Using the above outlined data sources, studies involving the endoscopic…

UNLABELLED: A comprehensive literature search of Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase was performed to identify relevant prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing biaxial microincision cataract surgery (MICS) and conventional coaxial phacoemulsification. A metaanalysis was performed on the following out…

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine the effect of exercise training on daily physical activity (PA) in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were sea…

The objective with this study was to search for and to analyze the presence of scientific papers, guidelines, and recommendations in dental literature regarding which radiographs should be prescribed after a dento-alveolar trauma. We know from earlier that guidelines and recommendations are available in general in dent…

OBJECTIVE: to determine the effects of power training with high movement velocity compared with conventional resistance training with low movement velocity for older community-dwelling people. DESIGN: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. DATA SOURCES: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled TRIALS,…

BACKGROUND: Hepcidin is a low-molecular weight hepatic peptide regulating iron homeostasis. Hepcidin inhibits the cellular efflux of iron by binding to, and inducing the internalization and degradation of, ferroportin, the exclusive iron exporter in iron-transporting cells. It has been recently recognized as a main hor…

OBJECTIVES: Three patients presenting with a first episode of psychosis each had a past history of social phobia. We sought to explore the literature on the co-occurrence of these disorders and investigate three hypotheses to explain this: (1) the chance co-occurrence of two illnesses with distinct aetiologies; (2) two…

INTRODUCTION: The development of chronic ankle instability (CAI) is the primary residual deficit after ankle joint sprain. It has been proposed that CAI is characterized by two entities, namely, mechanical instability and functional instability. Each of these entities in turn is composed of various insufficiencies. Res…

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission is mainly due to parenteral exposure; however, in absence of such risk factor, there are reports of intrafamilial spread of HCV and observational studies suggest an increased risk for households of infected subjects. The aim of our study was to systematically review and…

The relationship between inflammation and cancer is intriguing. Mechanisms contributing to the pathobiology of carcinogenesis are multiple and complex. Many aspects still elude researchers and are subjects of intense speculation and debate, for example, the triggering factor for malignant transformation in inflammation…

The analysis of expression and CGH arrays plays a central role in the study of complex diseases, especially cancer, including finding markers for early diagnosis and prognosis, choosing an optimal therapy, or increasing our understanding of cancer development and metastasis. Asterias (http://www.asterias.info) is an in…

OBJECTIVE: To examine difficulties in sedation management in the critically ill patient and explore how a semi automated sedation controller can improve agitation control. To present recent work on measurements of agitation, dynamic systems modelling and control of patient agitation response. DATA SOURCES: Articles an…

OBJECTIVES: To highlight the clinical and metabolic correlates of abdominal obesity and various abdominal adipose tissue depots. METHODS: We researched the topic using the search terms abdominal obesity, central obesity, visceral obesity, regional obesity, and subcutaneous adipose tissue from MEDLINE (National Library…

OBJECTIVES: Phonetics is the study of the acoustics of the human voice. The larynx functions not only as an air passage but also as a vocal organ. The vibration of the vocal cords produces sound as air is exhaled. Phonation occurs in the larynx, where a triangular opening, known as the vocal fold, forms during breathin…

Cardiac amyloidosis is an infiltrative cardiomyopathy caused by extracellular deposition of misfolded proteins, most commonly immunoglobulin light chains (AL) or transthyretin (ATTR), with rarer forms occurring less frequently. AL amyloidosis arises from plasma cell-derived light chains and typically follows an aggress…