Multimodal Large Language Models for Cystoscopic Image Interpretation and Bladder Lesion Classification: Comparative Study.
Shih Yung-Chi, Wu Cheng-Yang, Huang Shi-Wei, +1 more·Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: Cystoscopy remains the gold standard for diagnosing bladder lesions; however, its diagnostic accuracy is operator dependent and prone to missing subtle abnormalities such as carcinoma in situ or misinterpreting mimic lesions (tumor, inflammation, or normal variants). Artificial intelligence-based image-anal…