41,005 papers found

Bedaquiline (BDQ) has been shown to improve the cure rate and accelerate the time to culture conversion in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). However, pulmonary lesion improvement based on chest imaging after BDQ treatment has not been evaluated. We aimed to evaluate pulmonary lesion improvement in pati…

OBJECTIVES: Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques-particularly repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional pharmacological treatments for pain management in non-central nervous system cancer patients. By modulating neural circuits involved in pain proces…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of centralized surgical care on clinical and operational performance across multi-hospital systems. BACKGROUND: Centralized care is increasingly promoted to enhance surgical value within multi-hospital systems, yet its adoption is inconsistent and its effect across surgical complexity…

Comprehensive studies on the exclusive use of allografts for medial collateral ligament (MCL) and posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction are limited. This review assessed clinical and functional outcomes of allograft use for MCL and PLC reconstruction. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. A systematic search of the…

BACKGROUND: Depression is a common and severe mental disorder. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid compound, has been shown in several studies through animal experiments to improve depressive symptoms, demonstrating significant antidepressant potential. OBJECTIVE: This study represents the first preclinical meta-analysis o…

BACKGROUND: Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens are mosquito-borne nematodes with dogs as primary hosts, but other mammalian species including humans can be also infected. In the last century, circulation of both pathogens was predominantly restricted to Southern Europe. However, different studies indicated a potential e…

To identify distinct patterns of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP), and to compare IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels in patients with CPP and precocious thelarche (PT). A literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus d…

BACKGROUND: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in children present with chronic symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea, and constipation without identifiable structural abnormalities. These disorders are closely linked to gut-brain axis dysfunction, altered gut microbiota, and psychosocial stress, leading to…

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor exhibiting extensive immune evasion mechanisms that hinder effective therapeutic interventions. This narrative review explores the immunomodulatory pathways contributing to tumor escape in GBM, specifically focusing on the role of Tryptophan (TRP…

For over half a century, the cingulum has been the subject of neuroanatomical and therapeutic investigations owing to its wide range of functions and involvement in various neurological and psychiatric diseases. Recent clinical studies investigating neurosurgical techniques targeting the cingulum, like deep brain stimu…

The sub-Saharan African region is currently experiencing an unprecedented cardiovascular disease (CVD) epidemic, with CVD accounting for the highest mortality among adults in the region. Changing demographic profiles, lifestyle choices, and preferences for corporate work are identified as root causes of the CVD epidemi…

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and associated with reduced life expectancy metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) is the treatment indicated when patients are unable to lose weight through lifestyle changes and medication alone. However, more evidence is necessary to show non-inferiority of…

After a cardiac transplantation, the steering of immunosuppression requires an active search for acute cellular rejection (ACR). Surveillance with endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is the gold standard. Given the costs and potential complications, there is growing interest in the use of non-invasive screening methods. Thus,…

BACKGROUND: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak in 2019 has necessitated investigating its potential adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes and fetal development. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to review the evidence on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy on fetal outcom…

INTRODUCTION: Whether gastric cancer (GC) patients with deficient mismatch repair or microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) benefit from perioperative (neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant) chemotherapy is controversial. This protocol delineates the planned scope and methods for a systematic review and meta-analysis that…

BACKGROUND: Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and life-threatening condition characterized by a severe impairment of the immune homeostasis. While Familial-HLH (FHL) is a known cause, the involvement of other Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) in pediatric-HLH remains understudied. OBJECTIVE: This system…

INTRODUCTION: Social functioning (SF) is the ability to fulfil one's social obligations and a key outcome in treatment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to estimate the effects of antidepressants on SF in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS: This meta-analysis and its reporting are based on Coch…

Making the simulated patient die is one of the controversial decisions in healthcare simulation. Some experts believe that we should never make the manikin die as they believe the facilitator is deceiving the learners, whereas other groups of experts believe that there are advantages in making the simulated patient die…

UNLABELLED: A healthy maternal diet must consider an appropriate supply of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) precursors to ensure adequate growth and development of the fetus. In this regard, n-6 PUFAs, predominantly linoleic (C18:2 n-6, LA) and arachidonic acid (C20:4 n-6), have a central role in the de…

BACKGROUND: In recent years, much literature has reported the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET)-CT in para-aortic lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer. PURPOSE: To compare and analyze the para-aortic lymph node presentations found…