44,621 papers found

After traumatic brain injury (TBI), patients usually live with significant disability and socioeconomic burdens. Acute exposure to alcohol is considered a major risk factor for TBI. Numerous studies have examined whether alcohol exposure is related to the risk of mortality in patients with TBI, yet the results remain i…

BACKGROUND: The gastrocolic trunk of Henle is a clinically important venous confluence located near the inferior pancreatic border and the right side of the superior mesenteric vein. Its tributary anatomy is variable and may influence surgical dissection during right colectomy, right hemicolectomy, complete mesocolic e…

Hemodialysis (HD) catheters carry a high risk of life-threatening bloodstream infections and failure. Antimicrobial lock solutions (ALS) are used to reduce this risk, but their overall efficacy on key outcomes like infection rates and catheter survival requires comprehensive evaluation. This systematic review and meta-…

BACKGROUND: The use of long-term non-invasive ventilation (NIV) to treat sleep and breathing disorders in children has increased substantially in the last decade; however, less data exist about its use in infants. Given that infants have distinct sleep and breathing patterns when compared to older children, the outcome…

BACKGROUND: In recent years, intravitreal injections have added to the treatment modalities available for macular edema (ME) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO). This article aims to provide an update regarding the management of ME secondary to RVO. METHODS: A work group met in order to analyze the literature av…

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Overactive bladder (OAB) is characterised by urinary urgency, with or without incontinence, often accompanied by daytime frequency and nocturia, in the absence of urinary tract infection or other identifiable causes. Population studies estimate the prevalence of OAB at 12.8% (EPIC study), i…

INTRODUCTION: Isaacs syndrome (IS), or acquired neuromyotonia, is a rare immune-mediated neuromuscular disorder characterized by increased peripheral nerve excitability. Clinically, it manifests with fasciculations, cramps, excessive sweating, and the presence of CASPR2 autoantibodies in the serum. IS can occur as a pa…

STUDY DESIGN: Narrative review. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize current evidence on diagnostics and clinical decision-making for patients with cervical spine neoplasms. BACKGROUND: Although the cervical spine is disproportionately affected by primary spinal tumors and is the predominant site for intramedullary spinal cord t…

Research on autism in Latin America has grown substantially over the past two decades; however, evidence regarding the experiences of autistic people and their families remains fragmented across countries and disciplines. This narrative review aimed to synthesize the available evidence on the experiences of autistic pe…

BACKGROUND: Pediatric hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome/hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HCPS/HPS) is rare but can progress rapidly from a nonspecific febrile prodrome to respiratory failure, shock, and multiorgan dysfunction. Pediatric-specific evidence is limited, and a comprehensive map of the clinical literature is…

BACKGROUND: Ophthalmic involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), particularly retinal vascular diseases, remains under-recognised despite its potential to cause severe visual impairment. This systematic review aims to evaluate the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment outcomes of retinal vascul…

Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) presents challenges, specifically in the context of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and has been associated with adverse events, particularly in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The objective of the present study was to assess whether CAE is associated with incre…

Accumulating evidence indicates that epigenetic and post-transcriptional mechanisms interact to shape stress vulnerability and the adaptive capacity of the central nervous system (CNS). This review aimed to identify molecular markers with potential prognostic value for stress-induced CNS disorders. We analyzed 93 publi…

: Chronic pain conditions such as fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) reflect maladaptive network physiology across perceptual-autonomic-immune axes, yet most treatments remain symptomatic and incompletely effective.: We conducted a comprehensive systematic review to evaluate vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) and FMS within a netw…

BACKGROUND: Central venous catheter (CVC) insertion is a cornerstone procedure in hospitalized and critically ill adults. However, many patients requiring CVCs have coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia, liver disease, or hematologic malignancies, raising concerns about bleeding risk. The true incidence of hemorrhagic complic…

Bedaquiline (BDQ) has been shown to improve the cure rate and accelerate the time to culture conversion in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). However, pulmonary lesion improvement based on chest imaging after BDQ treatment has not been evaluated. We aimed to evaluate pulmonary lesion improvement in pati…

OBJECTIVES: Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques-particularly repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional pharmacological treatments for pain management in non-central nervous system cancer patients. By modulating neural circuits involved in pain proces…

BACKGROUND: Buruli ulcer, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, is a neglected tropical disease affecting 33 countries worldwide. Elucidating the full transmission pathways of this infection remains an important active field of investigation, especially in Central and West Africa and Southeast Australia in the state of Vic…

Comprehensive studies on the exclusive use of allografts for medial collateral ligament (MCL) and posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction are limited. This review assessed clinical and functional outcomes of allograft use for MCL and PLC reconstruction. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. A systematic search of the…

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), which were originally developed for managing type 2 diabetes by enhancing insulin secretion and reducing appetite, have emerged as promising candidates in alcohol use disorder (AUD). These medications offer a dual mechanism of action that alig…