41,005 papers found

OBJECTIVE: The long-term use of milrinone is associated with increased mortality in chronic heart failure. A recent meta-analysis suggested that it might increase mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The authors conducted an updated meta-analysis of randomized trials in patients undergoing cardiac surgery…

BACKGROUND: Many clinicians and patients believe that endometriosis-associated pain is due to the lesions. Yet causality remains an enigma, because pain symptoms attributed to endometriosis occur in women without endometriosis and because pain symptoms and severity correlate poorly with lesion characteristics. Most res…

BACKGROUND: Emergency Medical Services (EMS) has started to embrace the early use of therapeutic hypothermia as standard treatment to improve neurological recovery in out-of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a systematic review to provide an overall description of the current literature…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Studies of passive smoking exposure in China however are of particular interest, because of the high lung cancer rate in people who are mostly non-smokers. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between passive smoking and lung cancer among non-smoking Chinese. METHODS: By searc…

OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence and characteristics of randomised controlled trials that report using the modified intention to treat approach, and how the approach is described. DESIGN: Systematic review. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane central register of controlled trials, ISI Web of Knowledge, Ovid,…

OBJECTIVE: The authors conducted a review of randomized studies to determine whether there were any advantages for clinically relevant outcomes by adding epidural analgesia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery under general anesthesia. DESIGN: Meta-analysis. SETTING: Hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2366 patien…

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Overactive bladder (OAB) is characterised by urinary urgency, with or without incontinence, often accompanied by daytime frequency and nocturia, in the absence of urinary tract infection or other identifiable causes. Population studies estimate the prevalence of OAB at 12.8% (EPIC study), i…

BACKGROUND: The introduction of endovascular surgery has led to frequent stent use, although in-stent restenosis (ISR) remains a challenging issue. Drug-coated balloon (DCB) and conventional balloon angioplasty (BA) are common endovascular procedures for addressing ISR in the femoropopliteal artery. However, there is c…

BACKGROUND: The use of long-term non-invasive ventilation (NIV) to treat sleep and breathing disorders in children has increased substantially in the last decade; however, less data exist about its use in infants. Given that infants have distinct sleep and breathing patterns when compared to older children, the outcome…

BACKGROUND: In recent years, intravitreal injections have added to the treatment modalities available for macular edema (ME) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO). This article aims to provide an update regarding the management of ME secondary to RVO. METHODS: A work group met in order to analyze the literature av…

Chagas cardiomyopathy is a leading cause of heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in endemic regions, yet patients with this distinct etiology have been underrepresented in pivotal HF trials. This creates significant uncertainty regarding the efficacy of guideline-directed therapies, including sacub…

PURPOSE: Supervised exercise therapy is a class IA recommendation for the management of people with peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, access to exercise programs is limited for most patients. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs are widely available and have the potential to facilitate broader access to exercis…

INTRODUCTION: High blood pressure (BP) in obese populations poses significant cardiovascular risks, yet the comparative effectiveness of various weight loss interventions on BP remains unclear. This systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) aims to assess the comparative effectiveness of weight loss interventio…

PURPOSE: Air pollution has been linked to several neurological conditions, including stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. Evidence regarding its association with multiple sclerosis (MS) remains conflicting, limited by small sample sizes. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane controlled register of trials (CE…

Natural AAV serotypes often lack specificity and efficiency, leading to off-target effects and a low therapeutic index. To overcome these limitations of naturally occurring serotypes, there has been a keen interest in the field to engineer novel capsids to enhance tissue and cell-specific targeting, resulting in a high…

BACKGROUND: Optic pathway gliomas (OPGs) are among the most frequent central nervous system tumors in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), yet their prevalence has not been systematically synthesized. Pooled prevalence estimates are important to inform clinical surveillance practices, particularly given the cr…

Energy drinks (EDs), widely consumed for their stimulant effects, typically contain caffeine alongside taurine, guarana, and other bioactive compounds. While generally regarded as safe, growing evidence links chronic EDs consumption to significant cardiovascular risks. Caffeine, the primary active ingredient, acts thro…

INTRODUCTION: The controversy surrounding the potential benefits of the basic saline solution vs. Ringer's lactate solution for patients undergoing phacoemulsification for cataracts prompted a systematic review and meta-analysis for comparing the two solutions. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed…

BACKGROUND: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a diffuse dysfunction of the nervous system resulting from sepsis originating outside the central nervous system. Elderly individuals (≥65 years of age) constitute a particularly vulnerable population comprised by a high burden of underlying diseases and comp…

BACKGROUND: The safety of administering vasopressors through peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) remains controversial, primarily due to concerns regarding extravasation, thrombosis, and catheter-related infections. This study aimed to systematically summarize the prevalence of these complications through a meta-analysi…