375,970 papers found

BACKGROUND: The Arg399Gln polymorphism in the X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 gene (XRCC1) may alter the risk of prostate cancer (PCa). The present study aimed to investigate the association of the XRCC1-Arg399Gln polymorphism with PCa risk in an Iranian population, as followed by a meta-analysis and an in sil…

OBJECTIVES: To assess the cost-effectiveness of gemcitabine (G), G + 5-fluorouracil, G + capecitabine, G + cisplatin, G + oxaliplatin, G + erlotinib, G + nab-paclitaxel (GnP), and FOLFIRINOX in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer from a Canadian public health payer's perspective, using data from a recently publ…

Good self-control has been linked to adaptive outcomes such as better health, cohesive personal relationships, success in the workplace and at school, and less susceptibility to crime and addictions. In contrast, self-control failure is linked to maladaptive outcomes. Understanding the mechanisms by which self-control…

The motivating example for this paper comes from a distributed health data network, the International Consortium of Orthopaedic Registries (ICOR), which aims to examine risk factors for orthopedic device failure for registries around the world. Unfortunately, regulatory, privacy, and propriety concerns made sharing of…

BACKGROUND: With the advent of antiretroviral therapy, the life expectancy of people living with HIV has increased significantly, leading to a growing prevalence of frailty and its associated adverse outcomes. However, frailty prediction models developed for the general older population may not apply to people living w…

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Network meta-analysis (NMA) enables the simultaneous comparison of multiple treatments by combining direct and indirect evidence across a network of studies. While its application is rapidly expanding in pharmacological research and clinical guideline development, performing NMA typically requir…

INTRODUCTION: Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability and mortality worldwide. Survivors can experience a range of physical and emotional challenges, often leading to depression, anxiety, and a poorer quality of life. Creative arts therapies (CATs), an umbrella term encompassing music, art, dance/movement, dr…

BACKGROUND: Associations between adverse social conditions and poor health are well documented - also in perinatal care. However, research into the actual ramifications of such disparities for perinatal patient safety remains inconclusive. Therefore, to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the risk and burden of pa…

BACKGROUND: Fear of progression or recurrence of chronic physical illness has been associated with negative mental health outcomes across several conditions. Qualitative research suggests that the fear of death (i.e., death anxiety) may be associated with fear of illness progression or recurrence. However, a systematic…

BACKGROUND: Science communication can support informed decision-making. As part of the "PLan Psy" project, a guideline for producing plain language summaries of systematic reviews with meta-analysis on psychological topics ("KLARpsy" texts), was developed. This study aims to investigate the similarities and differences…

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a common adverse effect of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients, with a high incidence that significantly impacts treatment adherence and quality of life. Currently, there is no definitive and effective treatment for CRCI. Research indicates that acupunc…

BACKGROUND: Patients with heart failure have a high rate of health literacy deficiency, and their hospital readmission is a great burden. Whether health literacy affects hospital readmission remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of health literacy on hospital readmission among heart failure patie…

OBJECTIVE: To study medication adherence and persistence among heart failure patients, assess the methods utilised for estimating medication adherence, and identify optimal adherence thresholds and their impact on clinical outcomes. METHODS: A systematic search will be conducted in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Scien…

INTRODUCTION: People with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) can present initially muscle weakness, which is a debilitating symptom that may be improved by engaging in muscle strengthening activities. Currently, the effects of motor interventions for muscle strengthening in people with ALS are unclear. This review int…

In evidence-based medicine, systematic review continues to carry the highest weight in terms of quality and reliability, synthesizing robust information from previously published cohort studies to provide a comprehensive overview of a topic. Meta-analysis provides further depth by allowing for comparative analysis betw…

BACKGROUND: Heart failure is an important global health problem which is associated with high mortality. Uncontrolled heart failure leads to hospitalization and reduction in quality of life. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the treatment outcome such as improved, death, hospitalization, and self-discharges without…

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of loneliness among older adults is of great importance in the field of public health. Numerous studies have provided evidence supporting the effectiveness of social support as a powerful intervention for reducing loneliness in older individuals. However, the specific types of social support…

INTRODUCTION: Heart failure (HF) is a global health issue affecting millions of people worldwide. Cognitive frailty, a syndrome characterised by physical frailty and cognitive impairment without dementia, is increasingly recognised in this population. Cognitive frailty is associated with worse outcomes, including incre…

BACKGROUND: Chronic pain is a complex condition with short and long-term effects on physical and psychosocial health. Nature exposure therapy has been investigated as a potential non-pharmacological intervention to improve physical and emotional health of individuals with chronic pain. This proposed systematic review a…

INTRODUCTION: Psychopathology following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common and debilitating consequence that is often associated with reduced functional and psychosocial outcomes. There is a lack of evidence regarding the neural underpinnings of psychopathology following TBI, and whether there may be transdiagnos…