42,202 papers found

BACKGROUND: B cell function and antibody production are crucial factors in host protection during inflammation. We aimed to synthesize the available evidence on the association between the reduction of circulating B cells and plasma immunoglobulin (IgM) levels and decreased survival during sepsis. METHODS: We performe…

BACKGROUND: Muslims comprise 4.8% of the national population in the UK and also form a significant proportion of its ethnic minority population, with trends set to continue for the foreseeable future. With ethnic minority health inequalities deepening further, there is an apparent lack of strategies to effectively tack…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of sham surgery in orthopedics by conducting a systematic review of literature. METHODS: Systematic searches were conducted on Biomed Central, BMJ.com, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, NLM Central Gateway, OVID, ProQuest (Digital Dissertations), PsycInfo, PubMed/M…

BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors (TNFi) are the most widely used systemic treatments for patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. There currently exists a U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued warning label on all TNFi for "rare cases of new onset or exacerbation of central nervous system…

BACKGROUND: Care bundles have proven to be effective in improving clinical outcomes. It is not known which strategies are the most effective to implement care bundles. A systematic review was conducted to determine the strategies used to implement care bundles in adult intensive care units and to assess the effects of…

BACKGROUND: Previous clinical trials have demonstrated the impact of blocking upstream renin-angiotensin-axis with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) on arterial stiffness as evaluated by pulse-wave velocity (PWV). We ran a meta-analysis to evaluate the anti-stiffness effect of powerful downstream angiote…

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to systematically compare the efficacy and safety of unilateral fixation to bilateral fixation for the lumbar degenerative disease. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: We searched databases including PubMed Central, MEDLINE (from 1966), EMBASE (from 198…

BACKGROUND: The use of titanium during maxillofacial fixation is limited due to its palpability, mutagenic effects and interference with imaging, which lead to the requirement for subsequent removal. The use of a biologically absorbable fixation material will potentially eliminate these limitations. In this meta-analys…

The authors systematically reviewed evidence on iron status, as well as studies of iron supplementation, in individuals with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). PubMed, Ovid, EMBASE and Web of Knowledge were searched on 4 July 2012. Quantitative appraisal of trials was performed using Jadad's score. Most (…

BACKGROUND: It is hypothesized that diabetes mellitus (DM) and mood disorders share points of pathophysiological commonality in the central nervous system. METHODS: A PubMed search of all English-language articles published between 1966 and March 2009 was performed with the following search terms: depression, mood dis…

Atherosclerosis plays a key role in cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although therapy with TNF-alpha antagonists has resulted in dramatic improvement in the prognosis of RA, its effects on circulatory lipids are unclear. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to summarize t…

BACKGROUND: Atrial overdrive pacing is a novel method that has been used to treat patients with sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) in many trials. However, the effects of atrial overdrive pacing on SAS are unclear. METHODS: Studies were retrieved from the PubMed and EMBASE databases (1966 to January 2008), the Central Cochran…

OBJECTIVE: Youth violence continues to trouble Canadians. Emergency department (ED) visits by youth after a violent injury may represent a "teachable moment," and thus secondary violence prevention interventions may be effective. We conducted a systematic review to identify the success rates of any interventions, the p…

BACKGROUND: Perioperative pathologic microvascular bleeding is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and could be reduced by hemostatic drugs. At the same time, safety concerns regarding existing hemostatic agents include excess mortality. Numerous trials investigating desmopressin have lacked power to dete…

The purpose of the present review is to describe the neuropsychological correlates of long-term substance abuse and to discuss the findings within the context of premorbid vulnerabilities, comorbidity and adolescent neurodevelopment. The authors critically review key findings from the neuropsychological literature rela…

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases, are characterized by progressive neuronal dysfunction and loss. Recent evidence highlights the importance of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway, a key regulator of cellular defense mechanisms, in maint…

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the radiographic features of patients with progressive and nonprogressive coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 1, 2020, to February 28, 2022, by using the keywords: "COVID-19", "…

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of painful versus nonpainful exercise on pain, disability, and other patient-reported outcomes in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain.This study is an intervention systematic review with meta-analysis.Electronic databases (CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMed, and P…

Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) presents challenges, specifically in the context of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and has been associated with adverse events, particularly in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The objective of the present study was to assess whether CAE is associated with incre…

The systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the dose-response relationship between isometric handgrip (IHG) training and blood pressure outcomes in normotensive and hypertensive populations. Three databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Cochrane CENTRAL) were searched from inception to June 2025. Thirty-one…