41,001 papers found

INTRODUCTION: In the field of medicine, there has been a growing understanding of the impact of social and economic inequities on patients' health outcomes. Social medicine was established with the intention of addressing these social and economic drivers of health when caring for patients. Physicians who practise soci…

INTRODUCTION: Intravenous fluids are essential components of perioperative care, supporting intravascular volume, acid-base balance and electrolyte homeostasis. Despite extensive research in adult surgical populations, paediatric-specific evidence remains limited, and clinical practice frequently relies on extrapolated…

BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) worldwide. Amitriptyline is commonly prescribed for managing the symptoms of IBS as a second-line treatment. This study aimed to consolidate the existing evidence on the pain therapeutic efficacy of amitri…

Nanotechnology-enhanced materials and smart implants are emerging technologies that have shown promise in addressing various challenges in general surgery, including infection management, oncologic staging, and complication monitoring. In this systematic review, we aimed to examine the safety and efficacy of these tech…

Recurrentinfection (RCDI) remains a significant clinical challenge, with high recurrence rates following standard antibiotic therapy. Emerging evidence supports the role of fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) and standardized microbiome therapeutics (e.g., SER-109, RBX2660) in gut microbiota restoration and recurrence pr…

OBJECTIVE: The present meta-analysis compares the effectiveness of cyclophosphamide (CYC) as an immunosuppressant in systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) with placebo, and other immunosuppressants. METHODOLOGY: The study involved randomized trials and observational studies identified throu…

Evidence on the prevalence of HLA-B*58:01 genotyping and its association with allopurinol-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) is lacking, especially in low-resource settings. We addressed these gaps by conducting comprehensive and race/ethnic origin-specific evaluations. We conducted a systematic search…

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Advances in radiation therapy techniques that allow for better normal tissue sparing have made reirradiation (reRT) a more viable option for managing locoregional recurrences in various cancers. However, severe toxicity and a high risk of second recurrence persist, emphasizing the need for improved p…

BACKGROUND: Timing of oral feeding following head and neck mucosal free-flap reconstruction is a highly contentious issue. The typical 6-12 days "nil-by-mouth' primarily revolves around the concern for post-operative complications. Conversely, early feeding has been shown to reduce the patient's stress response, optimi…

: Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) did not show a benefit of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) treatment compared with antiplatelet therapy for the prevention of recurrent strokes in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). However, the balance between efficacy and safety in subgroups needs to…

AIMS: Cardiac decompensation in cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) results in systemic congestion usually treated with diuretics. When despite high doses of diuretics, response is poor, ultrafiltration (UF) appears to be a useful and safe technique. The aim of the study was to analyse, by means of a systematic review, the effi…

INTRODUCTION: Phosphate binders are commonly used in patients receiving kidney replacement therapy (KRT), aiming to reduce and maintain serum phosphorus. Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder has been linked to reduced lifespan and worsened quality of life. This study aims to examine the efficacy and safety…

This review explores the multifaceted relationship between dietary factors and breast cancer outcomes, focusing on unsaturated fats, the Mediterranean diet (MD), and other nutritional components. Breast cancer remains a significant global health concern, with lifestyle factors like diet playing a pivotal role in preven…

PURPOSE: Kono-S anastomosis, an antimesenteric, functional, end-to-end handsewn anastomosis, was introduced in 2011. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the safety and effectivity of the Kono-S technique. METHODS: A comprehensive search of MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Elsevier), Scopus (Elsevier), and Cochrane C…

AIM: To synthesize evidence regarding the effectiveness of technology-based psychosocial interventions in improving health-related outcomes among family caregivers of stroke survivors. DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis was reported by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses g…

BACKGROUND: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been considered a prognostic biomarker of mortality and other major cardiac events. This study investigates NLR's efficacy in predicting in-hospital and long-term outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing percutaneous coro…

BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological condition that affects movement and coordination. Orexin-A (OXA) is an excitatory neuropeptide that is found throughout the central nervous system. There is growing interest in investigating the potential diagnostic and therapeutic utility of OXA in PD.…

BACKGROUND: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists have been proven to be effective in adults with diabetes and children with obesity. However, children with type 2 diabetes constitute an underrepresented subpopulation with limited treatment options. This meta-analysis aimed to determine more precise estimates of th…

PURPOSE: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequent among in-hospital patients with high incidence and mortality. Implementing a series of evidence-based AKI care bundles may improve patient outcomes by reducing changeable standards of care. The aim of this meta-analysis was therefore to appraise the influences of AKI care…

BACKGROUND: Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disease characterized by continuous diminution of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Earlier studies indicated that the DPP6 gene variant has a role in the development of sALS. This meta-analysis was designed to uncover the…