43,323 papers found

BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoids are increasingly used perioperatively, principally to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and acute postoperative pain following total hip arthroplasty (THA). The authors hypothesized that preoperative intravenous glucocorticoids is associated with less pain scores and PONV wit…

OBJECTIVE:: To review the literature on the effects of expiratory rib cage compression on ventilatory mechanics, airway clearance, and oxygen and hemodynamic indices in mechanically ventilated adults. METHODS:: Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials in the databases MEDLINE (via PubMed), EM…

OBJECTIVES: To determine, using systematic review of the biomedical literature, whether pacing reduces risk of recurrent syncope and relevant clinical outcomes among adult patients with reflex-mediated syncope. METHODS: MEDLINE (through PubMed), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (through O…

BACKGROUND: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are highly conserved proteins present in all kingdoms of organisms. These are expressed under stress conditions in order to protect the cells from injuries. The stress induced protein denaturation is rectified by refolding and remodelling. These are intracellular proteins but can…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) on pain control in migraine patients. BACKGROUND: Recent studies have used NIBS as an abortive and prophylactic treatment for migraine; however, its efficacy regarding meaningful clinical effects remains to be critically analyzed. DESIGN: Sys…

CONTEXT: The discovery and subsequent ultrastructural characterization of the interstitial Cajal like cells (now called telocytes) in virtually every anatomic sites of the human body, by Laurentiu M Popescu and co-workers, have dramatically improved the understanding the function of these cells and pathogenesis of extr…

BACKGROUND: As larger-sized superficial esophageal neoplasms became candidates for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), post-ESD esophageal stricture has inevitably developed into a significant complication during long-term follow-up. METHOD: The PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBA…

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to provide a practical clinical summary for the effective management of anemia using vitamin B12, folic acid, and especially iron combined with erythropoietin (EPO), to facilitate the implementation of the Patient Blood Management (PBM) program in hospitals. DATA SOURCES: The…

: Registered nurse (RN) prescribing is increasingly discussed as a strategy to improve primary-care access, medication follow-up, chronic disease management, and service responsiveness. The available evidence, however, does not directly test a single coordinated RN prescriber-family physician/nurse practitioner (FP/NP)…

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Standard management of dry eye disease (DED) relies on artificial tears, anti-inflammatory therapy, and punctal occlusion in selected cases. However, some patients continue to report persistent symptoms. The present article reviewed the efficacy of Botulinum Toxin A (BTX-A) for DED that remained sy…

INTRODUCTION: Cancer is the leading cause of death and morbidity among children and adolescents worldwide. Functionality-based interventions are relevant among children and adolescents with an oncological diagnosis, whence studies summarising evidence on this topic are needed. This systematic review will summarise evid…

INTRODUCTION: Hemorrhagic shock caused by trauma is one of the most important contributors to mortality in severely injured patients. Management traditionally includes hemorrhage control and aggressive fluid resuscitation. Severe hemorrhagic shock induces a state of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) deficiency, which…

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is frequently performed for advanced knee osteoarthritis. Mechanical alignment (MA) targets restoration of a neutral limb axis, whereas kinematic alignment (KA) aims to reproduce an individual's native pre-arthritic knee alignment. This systematic review evaluates comparative mid-term outc…

: Women are disproportionately affected by depression and generalized anxiety disorder compared to men throughout their lives. Hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, postpartum, and menopause are often associated with mood disturbances. Evidence suggests that modulating the gut microbiome through gut-t…

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a predictive model for the risk of bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP). METHODS: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases from inception to July 2022 to identify studies reporting statistic…

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pioglitazone as an add-on therapy to dual treatment with metformin and dapagliflozin in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) inadequately controlled on this regimen. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomi…

BACKGROUND: Cocaine is a widespread drug of abuse to which children can also be exposed. The modes of exposure may vary depending on the age of the child. In addition to blood and urine analysis, hair analysis is currently used in some clinical contexts to investigate children's exposure to drugs of abuse, including co…

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Strong and effective stewardship is a fundamental function of health systems. However, rehabilitation services often receive insufficient attention due to the limited priority assigned to them by governments and health systems. In many countries-particularly low- and middle-income nations-this negle…

Work-related injuries remain a considerable global burden; nevertheless, progress in occupational safety has been made in decreasing the time to return to work. This study aimed to assess the pooled incidence of Return to Work (RTW) among workers with occupational injuries and to identify the key factors influencing RT…

AIM: To assess and evaluate the clinical performance of strip crowns and zirconia crowns as full coverage restorations in children aged 2-6 years, with a focus on gingival health, retention, and recurrent caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The current systematic review was drafted by following the recommendations of the P…