4,952,562 papers found

INTRODUCTION: The violence and injury observatories developed in Colombia and found throughout the Americas and Western Europe aim to maximise inter-institutional cooperation, information-sharing, analysis and security policy development initiatives to enhance governance. The purpose of the violence and injury observat…

BACKGROUND: Arts-based activities are being increasingly suggested as a valuable activity for people living with dementia in terms of countering the negative aspects of their condition. The potential for such programmes to improve a broad range of psychosocial outcomes is suggested in some studies. However, there is la…

BACKGROUND: Selective publication of studies, which is commonly called publication bias, is widely recognized. Over the years a new nomenclature for other types of bias related to non-publication or distortion related to the dissemination of research findings has been developed. However, several of these different bias…

BACKGROUND: Successful chronic care self-management requires adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors, but many healthcare-based health promotion interventions have resulted in small and unsustainable changes in patient behavior. Patients with chronic conditions may already be overwhelmed by burdensome illnesses and tr…

AIM: The purpose of this article is to present the research protocol of a systematic review about fall risk assessment tools in acute hospitalized patients. BACKGROUND: Various risk assessment tools for falls have been developed, but with uncertainties derived from validation in heterogeneous environments and variatio…

PURPOSE: To develop a technology assessment of chemotherapy sensitivity and resistance assays in order to define the role of these tests in routine oncology practice. METHODS: The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) established a Working Group to develop the technology assessment. The Working Group collaborat…

Formal literature review and synthesis is an important component of Patient Outcomes Research Teams (PORTs) and the development of clinical practice guidelines supported by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR). Investigators face unresolved methodological issues and practical problems in carrying out…

For genetic counselors, critiquing and using published literature is crucial to staying at the top of practice, and the ability to critique and use review articles is no exception. Understanding distinct types of reviews and the questions they can answer is therefore an important skill for genetic counselors across pra…

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols and interventional locoregional anesthesia (LRA) techniques continuously evolve. This review outlines the latest recommendations for the use of regional anesthesia in ERAS protocols and emerging interventional analgesia techniques. RECENT FINDINGS: Re…

The objective of this proposed review is to explore the postoperative experiences of adult patients who have undergone lower limb joint replacement. Specifically, the review question is: What are the postoperative experiences during the six-week post-discharge period of adult patients who have undergone lower limb join…

The objectives of this scoping review are to explore the existing literature regarding protocols initated by nurses for a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients, to examine and conceptually map the evidence, and to identify any gaps in the literature.The questions of this review a…

The objective of this review of association (etiology) is to identify the association of breastfeeding with the development of different features of malocclusions in the primary dentition. The specific review questions are: What is the risk of developing different features of malocclusions in the primary dentition.

The objective of this review is to identify the effectiveness of operative interventions for individuals who have undergone a hemi or total hip arthroplasty who sustain a Vancouver type B2 peri-prosthetic femoral fracture or equivalent. Specifically, this review will investigate open reduction and internal fixation and…

The objective of this review is to identify how parents of premature infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and nurses perceive their partnership.The review questions are: how do parents of premature infants and nurses perceive their partnership during hospitalization in NICUs? What barriers and facilitators…

The objective of this review is to identify, appraise and synthesize the best available evidence regarding people with ischemic heart disease and their experiences with peer support in self-management interventions.More specifically, the review question is: How do people with ischemic heart disease experience peer supp…

Eco-paediatrics is an occasional feature in Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal. Our goal is to contribute to the worldwide discussion on reducing waste in health care. In each instalment, we will select a recent Cochrane review highlighting a practice, still in use, which the available evidence tell…

The specificity of the therapeutic effect of acupoints is an important research subject in acu-moxibustion medicine, but is short of systematic and profound literature review by using modern science and technology. The modern data mining technique provides a new reliable technique or an approach for assessing the relat…

Since evidence-based decision making is increasingly gaining acceptance among German health care authorities the need for evidence-based support for time-critical decisions becomes obvious. The best method to identify and summarize the available evidence is the conduct of systematic reviews of the literature. However,…

Abstracts play an important role in medical literature as the carriers of synthetic information. Their significance grows as computerized data bases are in use in which whole information should comprise no more than 250 words. Critical appraisal the abstracts' standard resulted in a proposal for data presentation divid…

This paper describes a pilot programme of short workshops on the critical appraisal of review articles. The twelve workshops, which ran in various parts of the United Kingdom during 1992 and 1993, lasted either one or two half-days, and consisted of a mixture of large-group sessions and critical appraisal in small grou…