Management of muscle cramps in hemodialysis patients. Controlled prospective study.
Acchiardo S R, Skoutaski V A, Hatch F E·Proceedings of the Clinical Dialysis and Transplant Forum
In conclusion, a blind, prospective study demonstrated that HS was the most effective way of treating muscle cramps induced by hemodialysis. Hypertonic non-electrolyte solutions were less effective. The chance of a placebo effect in these patients is about 13.0%.