11,606,371 papers found

BACKGROUND: This study's purpose was to understand associations between water, sanitation, and child growth. METHODS: We estimated stunting (height-for-age Z score&#x2009;<-2 SD) and thinness (BMI-Z&#x2009;<-2 SD) risk ratios using data from 7,715 Ethiopian, Indian, Peruvian, and Vietnamese children from the Young Liv…

Humans show neural specificity in processing animal-related information, especially regarding companion animals. However, the underlying cognitive mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study's main objective is to investigate human neural specificity in processing companion animal-related information, compared to o…

BACKGROUND: Services to support nurturing care through early childhood development (ECD) in low- and middle-income countries are hampered by significant workforce challenges. The global early childhood workforce is both diverse and complex, and it supports the delivery of a wide range of services in extremely diverse g…

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health problem estimated to become the third leading cause of death and the fifth leading cause of disability by 2020. Tobacco control is the most effective protective intervention, and it serves as a key element in patient counselling. However, a focu…

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate the Critical Care Family Satisfaction Survey as a proxy for patient satisfaction. DESIGN: Instrument validation study. SETTING AND TIME FRAME: The Medical Intensive Care, Shock Trauma, Acute Coronary Care, Central Nervous System, Surgical Intensive Care, and Special Care units of Leh…

PURPOSE: There is a comparative lack of concussion incidence data on the new Olympic sport Rugby 7s. This study aimed to determine the incidence (number of concussions per 1000 playing hours [ph]), mean and median severity (days absence), and cause of concussive injuries. METHODS: This is a prospective epidemiology st…

The internet meme, a multimodal artifact of digital communication, has become a potent force in shaping contemporary culture, politics, and social behavior. Existing analyses have often examined memes through discrete lenses of cognitive psychology, cultural studies, or computer science. This review argues for a more p…

The health inequities of Indigenous peoples compared with non-Indigenous peoples are significant and long-standing across many countries. Colonisation and dispossession of land and culture has led to profound and devastating consequences on the health of Indigenous peoples. A lack of trust and cultural security of heal…

Alterations of adipose tissue occurring in obesity have been recognized as a major risk factor for several cancers. The relationship between adipose tissue and lung cancer, which is the main cancer-related cause of death worldwide, still requires investigation. Perturbations in the adipokine system are likely to interf…

PURPOSE: Isoform-specific tumor estrogen receptor &#x3b2; (ER&#x3b2;) expression may hold prognostic information in breast cancer, especially among endocrine-treated breast cancer patients. The study's purpose was to evaluate ER&#x3b2; isoform 1 (ER&#x3b2;1) expression in relation to tumor characteristics, ESR2 genotyp…

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: In Egypt, there is a scarcity of data concerning Naegleria (N.) family, with a shortage of phylogenetic studies. This study's aim was molecular detection, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of morphologically identified Nagleria and to determine natural seasonal distribution of Nagleria species in…

Diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), poses a significant global health challenge. Traditional management strategies primarily focus on glycemic control; however, there is a growing need for comprehensive approaches addressing the complex pathophysiology of diabetes complications. The recent…

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity. Chronic diseases associated with physical inactivity include cancer, diabetes and coronary heart disease. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize the evidence of the…

BACKGROUND: Occupational exposure to tuberculosis (TB) constitutes a major health risk for healthcare workers (HCWs). The HIV epidemic equally affects the workforce because of the mutually reinforcing epidemiology of HIV and TB. Stigmas associated with HIV and TB have become so intricately entangled that they stop some…

BACKGROUND: Intraoral scanning of post spaces offers a potential alternative to conventional impressions, but its effectiveness depends on overcoming limitations influenced by post space dimensions. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to evaluate the trueness and depth discrepancy percentage of scanned post spaces with…

BACKGROUND: Pre-clinical studies link cannabinoid-1 receptor activation to inflammation and atherosclerotic effects; anti-inflammation and immunosuppression seem to be mediated by cannabinoid-2 receptor activation. In this epidemiological study, we aim to present estimates on suspected cannabis-attributable immunomodul…

The purpose of this study was to compare the insertion torque (IT) and temporal implant stability quotients (ISQ) of different-dimension dental implants placed using subtractive drilling (SD) or osseodensification instrumentation (OD). Twenty-three patients with edentulous spaces received at least 2 implants. Narrow or…

INTRODUCTION: Trauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While there has been significant progress in understanding trauma in high-income countries, data from Nepal is limited. This study's main objective was to explore the demographic profile, injury patterns, and treatment of orthopaedic trauma p…

In Japan, antiviral agents for COVID-19 were freely available until September 2023 as part of national policy. This study evaluated changes in these agents' prescribing patterns and the patient outcomes following the policy shift. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study at four hospitals in Japan's Okayama and K…

BACKGROUND: The hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio (HRR) is a newly identified inflammatory biomarker associated with various inflammatory diseases. Asthma is a major global health burden and an inflammatory airway disease significantly affected by inflammation. This study primarily aims to evaluate the re…