2,645 papers found

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In health care, large language models such as Generative Pretrained Transformers (GPTs), trained on extensive text datasets, have potential applications in reducing health care disparities across regions and populations. Previous software developed for lesion localization has been limited in…

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a leading cause of disability, and a shift from facility- to community-based care has been proposed to meet the resource challenges of mental healthcare in low- and middle-income countries. We hypothesized that the addition of mobile texting would improve schizophrenia care in a resource-po…

BACKGROUND: The presence of dental caries impacts on children's daily lives, particularly among those living in deprived areas. There are successful interventions across the United Kingdom for young children based on toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste. However, evidence is lacking for oral health improvement progra…

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to early identify patients with persistent somatic symptoms (PSS) in primary care by exploring routine care data-based approaches. DESIGN/SETTING: A cohort study based on routine primary care data from 76 general practices in the Netherlands was executed for predictive modelling. PA…

Dermatology is an essential component of undergraduate medical education. Limited exposure may leave medical students underprepared to recognize common skin conditions and may contribute to misconceptions regarding the clinical scope of dermatology. This study evaluated the educational impact of a brief dermatology wor…

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is primarily treated via dietary modifications. Several diets have been shown to improve symptoms with similar efficacy. Other aspects of IBS, such as insufficient nutrient intake and being overweight, should also be considered when planning treatment options. The p…

BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation (LT) has traditionally been restricted to well-defined indications. However, recent advancements and updated guidelines from societies such as the European Association for the Study of the Liver (2024) have prompted a reassessment of off-label indications. Mucinous adenocarcinoma of th…

INTRODUCTION: Field cancerisation refers to molecular level cancerous changes that occurs in clinically normal looking tissue. In oral cavity, widespread exposure to carcinogens like tobacco/alcohol makes the entire mucosa susceptible to malignant changes. This manifests as local recurrence and/second primary after ini…

BACKGROUND: The excess reactive oxygen species or free radicals reaction leads to oxidative injury to the biological components such as cells and tissues, which would result in the initiation and progression of carcinogenesis. The magnitude of oxidative damage depends primarily on the balance between free radicals (pro…

We investigated whether the addition of adjuvant chemotherapy to chemoradiation improves overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic searches in the databases of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science yielded 881 articles. Two reviewer authors ind…

INTRODUCTION: Smoking cessation treatments and available evidence continue to evolve. To stay current with the latest research, physicians often refer to abstracts of systematic reviews. Because abstracts of systematic reviews may have direct effects on patient care, the information within them should be free of 'spin'…

OBJECTIVE: This review aimed at examining efficacy of interventional radiotherapy (brachytherapy-IRT) alone or combined with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in stage I esophageal cancer as exclusive treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic research using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane library was performed. Clin…

BACKGROUND: The role of cystoprostatectomy for the treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPC) was evaluated by a comprehensive review of contemporary literatures. METHODS: A systematic search of English language literatures using PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane library, from 1990 to 2018, was pe…

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The only treatment for celiac disease is strict adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD). We performed a systematic review to investigate the rate of adherence to a GFD in children with celiac disease, risk factors that affect adherence, and outcomes of non-adherence. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Coc…

INTRODUCTION: Breast reconstruction is one of the most common procedures performed by plastic surgeons and is achieved through various choices in both technology and method. Cost-effectiveness analyses are increasingly important in assessing differences in value between treatment options, which is relevant in a world o…

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy. We meta-analyzed the prognostic value of altered miRNAs in patients with osteosarcoma. METHODS: Sources from MEDLINE (from inception to August 2016) and EMBASE (from inception to August 2016) were searched. Studies of osteosarcoma with results of miR…

BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was the potential detection of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in early stage breast cancer patients. Our approach was cell microfiltration through polycarbonate membrane as a concentration method suitable for CTC selection in peripheral blood. The isolated cells on membrane were furthe…

BACKGROUND: The interest of arginase action is increasing because limitation of L-arginine bioavailability by arginase for NO synthesis via constitutive NOS can contribute to airway hyperreactivity. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effect of intervention in the arginase activity in guinea pig model of experimental oval…

BACKGROUND: The ATP-sensitive potassium ion channels (K+ATP) are widely expressed on airway sensory nerves that mediate cough and other protective reflexes; dependent on airways smooth muscles (ASM) reactivity. OBJECTIVE: The study was conducted to determine the involvement of K+ATP in airway sensory nerves activity o…

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis could develope in the presence of CVD risk factors in early age. OBJECTIVE: To determine some risk factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Gypsy children and adolescents from Central Slovakia. PARTICIPANTS: Study population (Gypsy/Caucasian ethnicities) consisted of 198 Gypsy children and ado…