41,031 papers found

Trocar site incisional hernias (TSIH) are the most common complications in laparoscopic surgery. We have carried out a review of the literature with the aim of establishing their incidence, the reasons for them happening, and their prevention. After a search in the MEDLINE PubMed and PubMed CENTRAL data bases from 1991…

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare systemic and heterogeneous disease secondary to proliferation and diffuse infiltration of immature CD1a-positive dendritic cells, also known as Langerhans cells. LCH affects predominantly paediatric patients and is rarely diagnosed in adulthood. Despite its worldwide preval…

OBJECTIVES: To systematically evaluate the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) treatment on the final adult height of children over 6 years of age with central precocious puberty (CPP) or early and fast puberty (EFP). METHODS: PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang Data were…

BACKGROUND: The clinical spectrum of systemic nocardiosis encompasses pulmonary and disseminated disease. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is an important feature of disseminated disease with significant mortality and high relapse rate, especially in those with suppressed cell-mediated immunity. This systematic…

BACKGROUND: Central airway obstruction (CAO), seen in a variety of malignant and nonmalignant airway disorders, is associated with a poor prognosis. The management of CAO is dependent on provider training and local resources, which may make the clinical approach and outcomes highly variable. We reviewed the current lit…

The timing of peritoneal dialysis (PD) initiation, whether conventional-start (planned) or urgent-start (unplanned), may impact the outcomes of PD and the rate of associated complications in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of unplanned/urgent-start PD ve…

Intravenous glucocorticoid (GC) has been proposed to treat moderately severe Graves' orbitopathy (GO); however, the optimal regime remains debatable. We therefore performed this network meta-analysis to objectively determine the comparative efficacy and safety of different intravenous GC regimes, including daily, weekl…

BACKGROUND: CNS manifestations represent an emerging facet of NTM infection with significant mortality. Due to protean presentation and low index of suspicion, many cases are often treated erroneously as tubercular meningitis or fungal infections. OBJECTIVES: Literature on NTM CNS disease is scarce, with most availabl…

Background Some pediatric endocrinologists recommend that girls with central precocious puberty (CPP) have cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed only if they are younger than 6 years of age. However, no practice guidelines exist. The objective of this review was to assess the frequency of intracranial lesi…

BACKGROUND: Epicutaneous-Caval Catheters (ECCs) and/or neonatal Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters (n-PICCs) are commonly used in neonatal care, but securing these catheters remains a challenge. Recent studies have suggested that cyanoacrylate glue might offer a safer, more reliable alternative to traditional sutu…

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are now the number one cause of death in low- and middle-income countries, including those in Central Asia (CA). Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear a disproportionate and growing burden of CVD, which constitutes a challenge to national development. CVD account for more than 43%…

OBJECTIVE: To provide an up to date review of the epidemiology, etiology, treatment and prevention of hydatid cyst of the central nervous system, with an emphasis in South American countries. METHODS: We searched the PubMed databases for articles containing the terms 'hydatid cyst' and 'nervous system'. RESULTS: We f…

The Bruton non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase (BTK), a deficiency of which leads to X-linked agammaglobulinemia, plays a central role in B cell antigen receptor signaling. Owing to the exclusivity of this enzyme in B cells, the acronym could represent B cell tyrosine kinase. BTK is activated by the Lyn and SYK protei…

CONTEXT: Neuroinflammation can be associated with inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines, that follow damage, injury, infection, or illness in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and/or the central nervous system (CNS). These can play strategic roles in the formation and continuation of abnormal pain…

Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is a rare disorder. However, it is often considered in the differential diagnosis of vascular or inflammatory CNS diseases. Diagnosis is challenging, as specific biomarkers are lacking and the clinical presentation can be variable. A definitive diagnosis can only b…

The Bruton nonreceptor protein-tyrosine kinase (BTK) plays a central role in B cell antigen receptor signaling. Following B cell receptor activation, the Src protein kinase Lyn and the spleen protein kinase (Syk) activate BTK. It then mediates the phosphorylation and activation of phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2).…

To explore the potential benefits of Stellate ganglion block (SGB) in regulating the central and peripheral systems, as well as its potential as a treatment option for these diseases. We conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar libraries using the following keywords: stellate gangl…

Non-Euclidean data, such as social networks and citation relationships between documents, have node and structural information. The Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) can automatically learn node features and association information between nodes. The core ideology of the Graph Convolutional Network is to aggregate node…

BACKGROUND: There are numerous reports worldwide on the use of complementary therapy for female infertility. This paper presents an overview of the available systematic reviews (SRs) on the outcomes of complementary therapy for female infertility. METHODS: Electronic databases, including Pubmed, the Cochrane Central R…

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to review the existing literature and evaluate whether deficits in set-shifting, central coherence and decision-making persist in individuals recovered from anorexia nervosa (AN-REC). METHOD: A systematic review approach was used. Literature was identified via searches in PubMed,…