386,595 papers found

Meta-analysis is increasingly performed to try and answer clinical questions around which controversy exists. We performed meta-analyses using three different methods as examples to illustrate problems and points to consider when doing such work. The questions of interest were comparing frequency of nephrotoxicity and…

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to estimate the effects of heparin flush and saline flush solutions on maintaining patency, preventing phlebitis, and increasing duration in peripheral heparin locks. The average effect size (d value) across 15 studies with a total sample size of 3,490 was .0573 for patency (clotti…

Meta-analysis has gained international recognition as a statistical approach to research synthesis. What is missing in research reviews, however, is the systematic compilation of results from non-experimentally designed studies. An approach is described which extends the rigours of integrative research review and meta-…

BACKGROUND: Long bone fractures may exhibit nonunion/delayed union and the precise mechanism underlying this devastating condition remain unknown. More recently, a series of meta-analyses have examined the effect of local administration of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in patients suffering from nonunion/delayed union fra…

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the treatment of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) with antidepressants and combined oral contraceptives (COCs) in order to identify the most appropriate treatments available, with the best tolerability and acceptability. RESULTS: Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review, of whic…

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D regulates immune function, cell proliferation, and differentiation, and may inhibit carcinogenesis. Both serum vitamin D levels and genetic variations in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene have been linked to melanoma, but findings are inconsistent. This umbrella meta-analysis critically appraised…

It is a well-known fact that dietary fiber is recognized as one of the essential components of a healthy diet. The aim of this paper was to investigate the impact of dietary fiber on the incidence and mortality of various types of cancer, the current evidence in this field, and the biases of this evidence using the met…

Although radiotherapy is recognized as an established risk factor for second malignant neoplasms (SMNs), the dose response of SMNs following radiotherapy has not been well characterized. In our previous meta-analysis of the risks of SMNs occurring among children who have received radiotherapy, the small number of eligi…

Literature reviews have suggested that combination antidepressant/antipsychotic drug therapy and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are of comparable efficacy in treating psychotic depression, and distinctly superior to antidepressant alone or antipsychotic alone. We undertook a meta-analysis of 44 studies, and focussed o…

An important tenet of attachment theory is that classification of security or insecurity as derived from the Strange Situation reflects the quality of an infant's relationship with its caregiver. One piece of evidence supporting this claim is the lack of concordance of classification between an infant and its mother an…

Meta-analysis is a term used to describe statistical methods for evaluating a series of research reports; this analysis transcends the limitations that may be inherent in each of the individual studies summarized. Forty-five research reports of clinical trials for the prevention of myalgias after succinylcholine were a…

The author examined those published studies of the consistency (homogeneity) of study outcomes of noninvasive tests that assess the degree of carotid artery disease. Noninvasive tests used to detect carotid artery disease include ocular pneumoplethysmography and duplex ultrasound pulsed Doppler spectral analysis with h…

ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the effects of different dual-task training modalities on walking and balance in stroke patients using network meta-analysis.Data sourcesRandomized controlled trials were searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chine…

BACKGROUND: With the widespread application of high-throughput technology, numerous meta-analysis methods have been proposed for differential expression profiling across multiple studies. OBJECTIVES: We identified the suitable differentially expressed (DE) genes that contributed to lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) clustering…

The current study analyzed empirical work examining the relationship of self-efficacy to subsequent behavior in children under the age of 16. Applying meta-analytic techniques to 26 studies (N = 1692) published in the psychological literature between 1977 and 1989 resulted in a mean effect size (r) of .334 across studi…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) represents a common condition in aging males. For prostates exceeding 80 g, robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) and transurethral prostate enucleation have emerged as leading treatments. This study aimed to comprehensively compare outcomes between th…