4,953,731 papers found

One hundred and one published articles that used visual habituation or violation-of-expectation techniques with infants of 12 months or younger were surveyed. Information was compiled on the number of infants who failed to complete experimental procedures due to "fussiness" or other factors. Also noted for each experim…

Asthma and atopy are complex phenotypes that are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. A review of nearly 500 papers on disease association studies identified 25 genes that have been associated with an asthma or atopy phenotype in six or more populations. An additional 54 genes have been associated in 2…

The role of endoscopy, in particular colonoscopy, clearly is paramount in the screening, diagnosis, and prevention of colorectal cancer. In preparation for writing this "state-of-the-art" review on colon polyps and cancer, a PubMed literature search linking the topic with endoscopy yielded an enormous number of papers…

Escalating health care costs and evidence that there is widespread variation in medical practice have led to the formation of more than 1800 consensus conferences in the past 10 years. These conferences seek to review the evidence that existing treatments have demonstrable efficacy; to determine if evidence favors one…

Bedsharing is controversial for nighttime caregiving in the U.S. today, as in most of the West. However, from the standpoint of evolutionary pediatrics, anthropology, and cultural psychology, bedsharing is not controversial at all, representing the context for human infant evolution and conferring a host of physiologic…

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Robotic pancreas transplantation is a novel procedure that aims to reduce surgical invasiveness, and thereby limit complications related to the surgical access. Given that few centers are providing robotic transplantation, this review serves as a state of the science article to outline early experien…

Fluoropyrimidine (FU) and platinum-based chemotherapies are greatly complicated by their associated toxicities. This umbrella systematic review synthesized all systematic reviews that investigated associations between germline variations and toxicity, with the aim of informing personalized medicine. Systematic reviews…

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is a rare disorder of conjugate lateral gaze that has been described in a number of neurologic conditions including multiple sclerosis, stroke and less commonly brain tumors. We describe a series of 3 boys (11, 12, 15 years) diagnosed with primary central nervous system tumors (pilomy…

Cardiac metastasis from known cervical cancer is rare. Even through a routine check-up, this type of metastasis can present as pulmonary emboli. Suspicion of this diagnosis in an oncology patient with complicating pulmonary emboli but no evidence of deep vein thrombosis is important, especially in cervical cancer patie…

Early screening for dementia is crucial for identifying reversible causes as well as managing, counseling, and other therapeutic interventions. Many reviews have compared the suitability of very brief screening instruments for use in primary care, but reviews on more extensive instruments in secondary care are scarce.…

Studies and treatments for the symptomatic menopausal woman have been reviewed elsewhere. The aim of this clinical review series is to examine the evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of the woman who presents with distressing symptoms that she attributes to menopause, whose actual etiology may be a psychiatric dis…

BACKGROUND: The use of review articles and meta-analysis has become an important part of epidemiological research, mainly for reconciling previously conducted studies that have inconsistent results. Numerous methodologic issues particularly with respect to biases and the use of meta-analysis are still controversial. M…

This article describes the reporting characteristics of systematic reviews (SRs) in Psychology. The inclusion criteria were self-declared SRs in all branches of Psychology, published between 2019 and 2020. The search was performed in the PsycINFO and MEDLINE databases, from which 2487 records were identified, and 305 p…

BACKGROUND: Many cancer patients use cancer diets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We listed 13 cancer diets simulating an internet search for which we systematically reviewed clinical data. In the next step we derived recommendations on counseling patients using a Delphi process. RESULTS: We evaluated the following diets: ra…

INTRODUCTION: Large language model-based artificial intelligence tools are increasingly explored to support systematic reviews, yet evidence regarding their reliability in full-text screening remains limited. This study evaluated the performance of two versions of ChatGPT (4.0 and 5.0) compared with human reviewers dur…

INTRODUCTION: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the commonest endocrine condition affecting reproductive age women. Many biomarkers may aid assessment and management, however evidence is limited on their utility in clinical practice. We conducted a review of systematic reviews to identify the most useful biomarkers…

BACKGROUND: The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is a healthy dietary pattern which has been related to a lower risk of certain chronic diseases, such as some cancers. However, its role in breast cancer development remains unclear. This umbrella review aims to summarize the highest available evidence on MedDiet and breast…

Flash glucose monitoring (FGM) systems have been suggested to have clinical beneficial effects in patients with diabetes mellitus, although their improvements in terms of quality of life (QoL) and patients' satisfaction are not always addressed or are considered a secondary outcome. Thus, the aim of this meta-review is…

BACKGROUND: Although the body of evidence indicates clear benefits of dietary modifications for prevention of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it may be difficult for healthcare providers to recommend which diet interventions or dietary factors are appropriate for patients as there are too many modalities available. Ac…

BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental problem and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. SSRIs are the most commonly prescribed types of antidepressants which are called Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and used as a primary therapeutic intervention in MDD. This umbrella revi…