391,940 papers found

Ulcers that do not heal after 8 weeks of treatment with standard-dose regimens of antiulcer drugs are considered refractory. Incidences of duodenal and gastric ulcers refractory to H2-receptor antagonists are 9% and 20%, respectively. When treated with a single daily dose of omeprazole 20 mg, duodenal ulcers have a ref…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of intravenous magnesium on mortality in suspected acute myocardial infarction. DESIGN: Systematic overview of all available randomised trials in which patients were allocated to receive either intravenous magnesium or otherwise similar treatment without magnesium. SETTING: Corona…

The role of alpha interferon in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) has yet to be well established. In studies carried out to date, a significantly higher response rate has been observed in previously untreated patients compared to those who have received prior chemotherapy. Patients with early-stage CLL…

In the ten years from 1979-1988, a total of 1725 patients with advanced prostatic cancer were entered into 28 studies, in which Buserelin as a nasal spray was the main androgen deprivation therapy. Patients treated with orchiectomy or other anti-androgen agents used in comparative groups, were considered unsuitable for…

The effect of verapamil on death and reinfarction after an acute myocardial infarction was studied in two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter trials, the Danish Verapamil Infarction Trials I and II (DAVIT I and II). The studies demonstrated that verapamil 360 mg/day from the 2nd week after an acute…

OBJECTIVE: To review the evidence for efficacy of three contemporary treatments for intermittent claudication: pentoxifylline, exercise programs, and smoking cessation. DATA IDENTIFICATION: English-language literature search using MEDLINE, Index Medicus, and bibliographic reviews of major texts and all pertinent artic…

INTRODUCTION: Postoperative delirium is a common complication following cardiac surgery. Despite its known impact on patient outcomes, effective preventative strategies remain elusive. We aimed to perform a comprehensive Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials assessing the effect of pharmacologi…

The genomic control (GC) approach is extensively used to effectively control false positive signals due to population stratification in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, GC affects the statistical power of GWAS. The loss of power depends on the magnitude of the inflation factor (λ) that is used for…

We investigated a variety of methods for pooling data from eight data sets (n = 5,424 subjects) to validate evidence for linkage of markers in the cytokine cluster on chromosome 5q31-33 to asthma and asthma-associated phenotypes. Chromosome 5 markers were integrated into current genetic linkage and physical maps, and a…

Clinically defined groups of tumors are usually characterized by shallow dose-response curves, and this results from heterogeneity among individual dose-response curves, each of which is very likely quite steep. A review of published results for human tumors indicates that a 10% escalation of dose to tumors controlled…

OBJECTIVES: To consider the role of platinum and the relative merits of single agent and combination chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer. DESIGN: Formal quantitative overview using updated individual patient data from all available randomised trials (published and unpublished). SUBJECTS: 8139 pat…

Unstable angina is a term which encompasses several clinical syndromes (crescendo angina, angina de novo, resting angina, postinfarction angina), intermediary between stable angina and myocardial infarction. The results of coronary angioscopy have allowed differentiation of accelerated effort angina which seems related…

Cardiac disease is common in acromegaly. Several mechanisms have been implicated: hypertension, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, endocrinopathies including "acromegalic cardiomyopathy". Fifteen consecutive patients with acromegaly, aged 48 +/- 13 years and treated for 4 +/- 5 years, underwent Doppler ec…

The optimal degree and duration of suppression of gastric acidity required for the healing of peptic ulcers has never been established. Although very potent inhibitors of acid secretion are now available, the need for this degree of suppression has not been shown, and there is a possibility of adverse effects because o…

Small cell carcinomas of the major salivary glands are rare tumors, accounting for less than 1% of malignant neoplasms at these sites. To date, approximately 41 such tumors have been described. They recently have been classified into two groups, based on the ultrastructural presence or absence of intracytoplasmic neuro…

Whether colon cancer risk can be modified by a diet rich in vegetables, grains, and fruit, and, if so, whether the protective factor is dietary fiber or other biologically active components correlated with a high-fiber diet are questions of active research interest. Because studies on diet are susceptible to bias from…

To evaluate the comparative efficacy and cost-effectiveness of various antihypertensive medications in persons aged 35 through 64 years with diastolic blood pressure of 95 mm Hg or greater and no known coronary heart disease, we used the Coronary Heart Disease Policy Model, which is a computer simulation of overall mor…

Continuing differences of opinion among obstetricians and neonatologists about the place of corticosteroid administration before preterm delivery have prompted us to carry out a systematic review of the relevant controlled trials, using methods designed to minimize systematic and random error. Data from 12 controlled t…

PURPOSE: Despite extensive research on gastric cancer (GC), efforts to consolidate the numerous associations between possible factors and GC risk remain lacking. This systematic review aimed to provide an overview of potential GC-associated pairs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and C…