44,632 papers found

Melatonin is a physiological indoleamine involved in circadian rhythm regulation and it is currently used for secondary sleep disorders supported by empirical evidence. A small amount of evidence and some controversial results have been obtained in some randomized controlled trials (RCT). The objective of this meta-ana…

The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that there is no difference in implant failure rate or marginal bone loss between type 1 or 2 diabetes subjects and non-diabetic subjects. An electronic search was conducted, without restrictions on date or language, in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Registe…

BACKGROUND: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are widely used for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSCR), but their effectiveness remains unclear. This research was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of this drugs for cCSCR. METHODS: This is a review of randomized clinical trials (RCT) comparing…

INTRODUCTION: Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) aim to regenerate structural and functional integrity of necrosed or infected dental pulp, while promoting root development and closure. Conventional treatment methods often fail to regenerate dental pulp tissues effectively. This systematic review investigates th…

After severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) proteins, neurotrophic factors and inflammatory markers are released into the biofluids. This review and meta-analysis searched the literature for prognostic candidate cerebrospinal fluid markers and their relation to sTBI patient outcome. A systematic search of the literature…

BACKGROUND: Cannabis is the most prevalent illegal drug used and the second most common cause of ED drug-related complaints in the USA. Recently, newer more potent strains, concentrated THC products, and consumption methods have become available. OBJECTIVE: Our first objective was to define cannabis use in the USA and…

BACKGROUND: Histoplasmosis is a fungal disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, commonly found in the Americas, and Histoplasma duboisii, located in Africa. In the United States, H. capsulatum is prevalent in the Ohio and Mississippi river valleys. In rare circumstances, central nervous system (CNS) histoplasmosi…

Repeated exposures to acute psychological stress may be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but the mechanisms underlying this relationship are not fully understood. The objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of acute psychological stress on central pulse wave velocity (PWV) compared…

BACKGROUND: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of neuromotor diseases that develops as a result of damage to the developing central nervous system during the perinatal period. The condition is usually accompanied by musculoskeletal problems resulting in movement disorders. Gait improvement therefore, is an important part o…

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: For thousands of years, different cultural groups have used and transformed natural resources for medicinal purposes focused on psychological or neurological conditions. Some of these are recognized as central nervous system (CNS) disorders and diseases, whereas other ethnopsychiatric in…

BACKGROUND: Diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles (DRAM) is characterised by thinning and widening of the linea alba, combined with laxity of the ventral abdominal musculature. This causes the midline to "bulge" when intra-abdominal pressure is increased. Plastic surgery treatment for DRAM has been thoroughly evalu…

OBJECTIVE: To provide a summary and analysis of the evidence for various agents applied as maintenance therapy and highlight ongoing trials or trials in development that evaluate the efficacy of maintenance therapy strategies in older patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). BACKGROUND: PCNSL are…

PURPOSE: Central nervous system (CNS) and cardiovascular system (CVS) side effects of anticholinergic agents used to treat overactive bladder (OAB) are underreported. Hence, this review aimed to focus on the mechanisms of CNS and CVS side effects of anticholinergic drugs used in OAB treatment, which may help urologists…

Cabazitaxel, a second-generation taxane chemotherapy agent, has demonstrated efficacy in treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in patients who have previously received docetaxel-based therapy. By targeting microtubule dynamics, cabazitaxel inhibits cancer cell division and induces apoptosis,…

It is unclear whether various obesity phenotypes are differently associated with cognitive disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of general obesity [measured by body mass index (BMI)], central obesity [measured by waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)], or body fat percentage (BF…

BACKGROUND: The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the efficacy of noninvasive brain stimulation (NBS) in the treatment of central post-stroke pain (CPSP). METHODS: We included randomized controlled trials testing the efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) or transcranial direct current stimulati…

A review was conducted on snakebites in Central America. Information was extracted using the databases of PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS. Information included retrospective studies, case reports, and case series; in this way, valuable information was retrieved from limited sources. The identified studies comprised those di…

To evaluate the potential for drug interactions with pharmacotherapy for central hypersomnolence (modafinil, armodafinil, solriamfetol, pitolisant, sodium oxybate, methylphenidate, amphetamine, lithium, clarithromycin).A systemic literature search (1980 to June 2025) was performed using PUBMED, SCOPUS, and EMBASE to lo…

Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) lines are commonly used by clinicians in daily practice. This strategy has been established the latest years as a common approach in many clinical conditions. Apart from their usefulness, PICC use is related to some complications. Aim of this review is to summarize all rele…

BACKGROUND: Thrombin is a key factor of hemostasis, mediating the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin. Along with prothrombin, of which thrombin is the active derivative, it has been found locally expressed in the central nervous system. This article aims to describe the role of thrombin in the normal functioning of t…