391,955 papers found

OBJECTIVE: To summarize and assess the existing evidence on the effectiveness and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatments in patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). DESIGN: An umbrella review encompassing current meta-analyses reporting clinical effectiveness or safety outcomes of ICIs…

The aim of this systematic review with pairwise and network meta-analyses was to examine the effects of different exercise types on visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus using four main k…

OBJECTIVE: To examine and summarise evidence from meta-analyses of cohort studies that evaluated the predictive associations between baseline cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and health outcomes among adults. DESIGN: Overview of systematic reviews. DATA SOURCE: Five bibliographic databases were searched from January 2…

BACKGROUND: Perioperative oxygen administration has been proposed as a strategy to reduce postoperative complications. However, uncertainty exists as to which strategies are the most clinically effective. OBJECTIVES: To provide an overview on the effectiveness of perioperative oxygen therapy and formulate recommendati…

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the proportion of statistically nonsignificant meta-analyses that provide evidence favoring the null hypothesis of no difference, evidence favoring the alternative hypothesis, or inconclusive findings using likelihood ratios. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: In this meta-epidemiologi…

INTRODUCTION: Meta-analyses on breast cancer determinants in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including upper-middle-income countries (UMICs), often produce fragmented, context-specific findings. This umbrella review provides a consolidated synthesis to identify consistent risk factors and strengthen the evide…

Pregnancy is rare among breastfeeding women with lactational amenorrhoea. The lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM) is the informed use of breastfeeding as a contraceptive method by a woman who is still amenorrhoeic, and who is not feeding her baby with supplements, for up to 6 months after delivery. Under these three c…

Maternal infection with Zika virus (ZIKV), dengue virus (DENV), or chikungunya virus (CHIKV) may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy and foetal outcomes, but evidence credibility varies. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the strength of evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on these arbov…

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effects of different exercise interventions on intrahepatic lipid content and markers of glucose homeostasis and liver function in adults with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, a…

OBJECTIVE: To critically evaluate published and unpublished systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the safety and efficacy of methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder. METHODS: Six bibliometric databases and grey literature were searched from inception to 9 May 2024 for…

The contraceptive progestin norgestimate (NGM) has a high affinity for uterine progestin receptors and a lack of affinity for androgen receptors similar to that of natural progesterone. NGM's selectivity results in excellent efficacy, cycle control, and minimal androgenicity when it is combined with ethinyl estradiol (…

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of bias from methodological characteristics on intervention effect estimates in nutrition randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using the Cochrane Risk Of Bias 2 (RoB2) tool. METHODS: RCTs published until 2020 were selected from a representative sample of 183 nutrition meta-analyses…

There is no comprehensive umbrella review exploring the connection between schizophrenia and various health outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review existing meta-analyses about schizophrenia-associated comorbid health outcomes and validate the evidence levels. We performed an umbrella review of meta-anal…

BACKGROUND: This analysis summarized Cochrane reviews that assess the effects of neuraxial anesthesia on perioperative rates of death, chest infections, and myocardial infarction. METHODS: A search was performed in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews on July 13, 2012. We have included all Cochrane systematic r…

BACKGROUND: Results from extant studies indicate that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with decreased cognitive function and increased risk for dementia, notably Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Herein, we aimed to evaluate the effect of glucacon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) on cognitive measures…

IMPORTANCE: Understanding the potential risks associated with fertility treatments (FTs) can guide clinical decision and patient counseling. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the validity of the association between the development of female-specific malignancies including ovarian, endometrial, breast, and cervical cancer afte…

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Phytosterols reduce low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, supporting regulated health claims in over 10 jurisdictions. Their efficacy across different doses, matrices, and populations and on other cardiometabolic measures beyond LDL-C is unclear. We conducted a systematic umbrella rev…

BACKGROUND: Misconceptions about ADHD stigmatize affected people, reduce credibility of providers, and prevent/delay treatment. To challenge misconceptions, we curated findings with strong evidence base. METHODS: We reviewed studies with more than 2000 participants or meta-analyses from five or more studies or 2000 or…

Statistical software for meta-analysis (MA) and network meta-analysis (NMA) have become indispensable for researchers. The aim of this chapter is to introduce key features of MA and NMA software to compare the effectiveness of interventions. Commonly used or routinely maintained statistical software are reviewed, inclu…