5,082,504 papers found

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) has positive effects on physical and mental health. Nevertheless, two thirds of individuals with major depressive disorders (MDD) do not meet PA recommendations. Furthermore, MDD is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. This depression…

BACKGROUND: There is growing demand for home-based palliative care because of patient preference, and increased number of deaths. Optimal models for community-based palliative and end-of-life care are unknown. AIM: To identify, synthesise and describe review-level evidence to better understand models of palliative and…

Context The frequency of probable mental health diagnoses is much higher among public safety personnel (PSP) than in the general population, which can be explained in part by their operational duties. The most common operational stress injuries (OSI) among PSP in Canada are depression, post-traumatic stress disorder an…

BACKGROUND: Smartphone apps promoting physical activity (PA) are abundant, but few produce substantial and sustained behavior change. Although many PA apps purport to induce users to compare themselves with others (by invoking social comparison processes), improvements in PA and other health behaviors are inconsistent.…

BACKGROUND: Pre-anaesthetic airway assessment relies on subjective clinical judgement, whether performed through direct physical examination, such as Mallampati classification or thyromental distance, or through composite scoring systems that combine several such components, including the Simplified Airway Risk Index,…

BACKGROUND: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a common consequence of cancer and its treatments, with mild but significant deficits in memory, attention or executive function. These symptoms negatively affect survivors' quality of life, daily functioning, and return to work. Physical exercise is a promising…

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a global chronic condition that contributes to high hospitalization rates, mortality, and healthcare costs. Effective self-care is crucial for improving quality of life, reducing hospitalizations, and lowering costs. Although much research has examined strategies that improve physical…

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) have shown efficacy in improving progression-free survival (PFS), particularly in patients with breast cancer susceptibility genes 1 and 2 (BRCA1/2) mutations and homologous recomb…

CONTEXT: Noncommunicable diseases significantly impact global health, and chronic inflammation is a common pathological feature of these conditions. The relationship between chronic inflammation and dietary intake is increasingly evident, as emerging research elucidates the inflammation-modulating effects of diet. OBJ…

BACKGROUND: Despite numerous meta-analyses showing an association between air pollutants and diabetes, there is considerable heterogeneity between studies. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the cumulative evidence regarding the association between air pollution and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabete…

INTRODUCTION: In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to assess the outcome following orthopedic surgery. But, we are lacking a standard set of PROMs to assess the outcome of hallux valgus surgery. The aim of this study was to analyze the chosen patient ra…

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have explored care interventions to improve the psychological outcome of intensive care unit (ICU) patients, but inconclusive evidence makes it difficult for decision-makers, managers, and clinicians to get familiar with all available literature and find appropriate interventions. This umbr…

BACKGROUND: Acupuncture therapy is believed to have therapeutic potential for patients suffering from chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). This umbrella review aims to summarize and evaluate the evidence from current systematic reviews/meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) on the effectiveness of acupuncture treatment…

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to provide an overview of the existing evidence on non-genetic biomarkers for ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS: In this umbrella review, we searched PubMed and Web of Science from database inception to October 31, 2020. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational…

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to review definitions of digital health and understand their relevance for health outcomes research. Four umbrella terms (digital health, electronic health, mobile health, and telehealth/telemedicine) were summarized in this article. METHODS: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and E…

AIM: This rapid review of reviews aimed to determine the extent of research undertaken on the effectiveness of dietary interventions for individuals with a mental disorder. METHODS: Three databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Reviews and Cochrane Trials) were searched to February 2021 for systematic reviews including e…

Uncertainty about the clinical efficacy of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) to alleviate pain spans half a century. There has been no attempt to synthesise the entire body of systematic review evidence. The aim of this comprehensive review was to critically appraise the characteristics and outcomes of s…

BACKGROUND: Current recommendations on safe return to sports (RTS) after total hip arthroplasty (THA) are subjective and based on studies of varying quality. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to synthesize systematic reviews and meta-analyses on post-THA RTS to propose practice guidelines identifying which sports can…

Concurrent radiochemotherapy (RCT) is the treatment of choice for patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Two meta-analyses were inconclusive in an attempt to define the optimal concurrent RCT scheme. Besides efficacy, treatment toxicity will influence the appointed treatment of choice. A sys…

Pressure ulcers can affect multiple aspects of an individual's life. Though preventable, pressure ulcers place a substantial economic burden on healthcare services. Countries around the world have set pressure ulcer prevention and treatment as a high priority. National Clinical Guidelines recommend a wide range of prev…