2,530 papers found

BACKGROUND: Automatic identification of term variants or acceptable alternative free-text terms for gene and protein names from the millions of biomedical publications is a challenging task. Ontologies, such as the Cardiovascular Disease Ontology (CVDO), capture domain knowledge in a computational form and can provide…

BACKGROUND: Congenital hypothyroidism (CHT) affects approximately one in 3000 to 4000 infants. CHT is one of the most common preventable causes of learning difficulties. Optimal management of CHT requires early diagnosis and prompt treatment to avoid abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome. One of the main issues in the ma…

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite significant advances in screening, surgical management and adjuvant therapies, average 5-year survival seldom exceeds 60% in most developed nations. Metastatic disease represents the primary cause of mortality…

BACKGROUND: The optimal positioning of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) remains a challenging part of breast surgery, with high-riding NAC (HRNAC) frequently occurring postoperatively. An evidence-based summary of all effective prevention and management strategies is needed for a variety of surgical contexts. OBJECTIVE…

OBJECTIVES: The aim was to compile the current knowledge about the efficacy of different soft tissue correction methods around osseointegrated, already uncovered and/or loaded (OU/L) implants with insufficient soft tissue conditions. Procedures to increase peri-implant keratinized mucosa (KM) width and/or soft tissue v…

BACKGROUND: Patients with COVID-19 may feel under pressure to participate in research during the pandemic. Safeguards to protect research participants include ethical guidelines [e.g. Declaration of Helsinki and good clinical practice (GCP)], legislation to protect participants' privacy, research ethics committees (REC…

BACKGROUND: Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as an excellent candidate for the future of liquid biopsies for many cancers. There has been growing interest in blood-based liquid biopsy because of the potential of ctDNA to produce a noninvasive test that can be used for: the diagnosis of colorectal cancer, moni…

Because of its consistently high stone-free rates (SFRs), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) continues to be the first-line treatment for renal stones larger than 20 mm. Standard 24 to 30 Fr access tracts, however, are linked to access-related morbidity, such as bleeding, pain, and extended hospital stays. These restr…

Child physical abuse is a leading cause of traumatic injury and death in children. In 2017, child abuse was responsible for 1688 fatalities in the United States, of 3.5 million children referred to Child Protection Services and 674,000 substantiated victims. While large referral hospitals maintain teams trained in Chil…

1. To distinguish GAD from panic disorder is not difficult if a patient has frequent, spontaneous panic attacks and agoraphobic symptoms, but many patients with GAD have occasional anxiety attacks or panic attacks. Such patients should be considered as having GAD. An even closer overlap probably exists between GAD and…

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT (GPT-4o) in interpreting free-text breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reports by assigning BI-RADS categories and recommending appropriate clinical management steps in the absence of explicitly stated BI-RADS classifications. METHODS: In this retros…

BACKGROUND: Searching for transgender and gender diverse (TGD) references within large academic databases can be a challenging process, partly due to the dynamic and diverse definitions of words and terminologies used by multiple interest holders. Search hedges are preestablished search strings that aid in the efficacy…

A COMMENTARY ON: Ferreira R O, Frazão D R, Ferreira M K M et al. Periodontal disease and sports performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Res Sports Med. 2024; https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2023.2235048 . DATA SOURCES: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochra…

Antioxidants play a pivotal role in maintaining skin health and integrity, combating the deleterious effects of oxidative stress induced by environmental aggressors such as UV radiation, pollution, and lifestyle factors. This paper reviews the contributions of key antioxidants, including Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Vitamin A…

PURPOSE: This synaptic systemised review critically examines the provision of aesthetic medical care to LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex, asexual, and more) individuals, assessing both the clinical practices and the educational frameworks that guide interactions with LGBTQIA…

PURPOSE: Tracheostomy is a common surgical procedure in ICU. Whilst often life-saving, it can have important impacts on patients. Much of the literature on tracheostomy focuses on timing and technique of insertion, risk factors and complications. More knowledge of patient experience of tracheostomy in ICU is needed to…

PURPOSE: Monte Carlo (MC) modelling techniques have been used extensively in Nuclear Medicine (NM). The theoretical energy resolution relationship (), does not accurately predict the gamma camera detector response across all energies. This study aimed to validate the accuracy of an energy resolution model for the SIMIN…

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are byproducts of cell metabolism produced by living cells and signal mediators in biological processes. As unstable and highly reactive oxygen-derived molecules, excessive ROS production and defective oxidant clearance, or both, are associated with the pathogenesis of several conditions.…

BACKGROUND: Articular cartilage injuries can lead to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, and may eventually progress to osteoarthritis (OA). Despite substantial research efforts, effective therapies capable of regenerating cartilage are still lacking. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are known for their differentiat…

BACKGROUND: Medication reconciliation (MedRec) has the potential to improve patient safety by enhancing the continuity of medication information across settings. MedRec involves 3 core tasks: the creation of a best possible medication history, the identification of medication discrepancies among medication lists, and t…