2,645 papers found

BACKGROUND: Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as an excellent candidate for the future of liquid biopsies for many cancers. There has been growing interest in blood-based liquid biopsy because of the potential of ctDNA to produce a noninvasive test that can be used for: the diagnosis of colorectal cancer, moni…

Gluten proteins are known as immunological triggers for inflammation resulting in mucosal lesions in patients with coeliac disease (CD). Adherence to a strict gluten-free diet (GFD) is currently known as the only effective treatment for CD. In this study, we performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis…

1. To distinguish GAD from panic disorder is not difficult if a patient has frequent, spontaneous panic attacks and agoraphobic symptoms, but many patients with GAD have occasional anxiety attacks or panic attacks. Such patients should be considered as having GAD. An even closer overlap probably exists between GAD and…

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT (GPT-4o) in interpreting free-text breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reports by assigning BI-RADS categories and recommending appropriate clinical management steps in the absence of explicitly stated BI-RADS classifications. METHODS: In this retros…

Antioxidants play a pivotal role in maintaining skin health and integrity, combating the deleterious effects of oxidative stress induced by environmental aggressors such as UV radiation, pollution, and lifestyle factors. This paper reviews the contributions of key antioxidants, including Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Vitamin A…

BACKGROUND: Articular cartilage injuries can lead to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, and may eventually progress to osteoarthritis (OA). Despite substantial research efforts, effective therapies capable of regenerating cartilage are still lacking. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are known for their differentiat…

PURPOSE: This synaptic systemised review critically examines the provision of aesthetic medical care to LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex, asexual, and more) individuals, assessing both the clinical practices and the educational frameworks that guide interactions with LGBTQIA…

PURPOSE: Tracheostomy is a common surgical procedure in ICU. Whilst often life-saving, it can have important impacts on patients. Much of the literature on tracheostomy focuses on timing and technique of insertion, risk factors and complications. More knowledge of patient experience of tracheostomy in ICU is needed to…

PURPOSE: Monte Carlo (MC) modelling techniques have been used extensively in Nuclear Medicine (NM). The theoretical energy resolution relationship (), does not accurately predict the gamma camera detector response across all energies. This study aimed to validate the accuracy of an energy resolution model for the SIMIN…

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are byproducts of cell metabolism produced by living cells and signal mediators in biological processes. As unstable and highly reactive oxygen-derived molecules, excessive ROS production and defective oxidant clearance, or both, are associated with the pathogenesis of several conditions.…

BACKGROUND: Medication reconciliation (MedRec) has the potential to improve patient safety by enhancing the continuity of medication information across settings. MedRec involves 3 core tasks: the creation of a best possible medication history, the identification of medication discrepancies among medication lists, and t…

Amoxicillin is one of the most effective antibiotics for treatinginfections and is widely used in first-line treatment regimens. However, patients with penicillin allergies cannot receive penicillin-based therapies, which significantly limits effective eradication options. This allergy often compels clinicians to choos…

BACKGROUND: Pediatric facial palsy represents a rare multifactorial entity. Facial reanimation restores smiling, thus boosting self-confidence and social integration of the affected children. The purpose of this paper is to present a systematic review of microsurgical workhorse free functional muscle transfer procedure…

Long-term management of intermediate- and high-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) involves thyrotropin (TSH) suppression with thyroid hormone to prevent potential stimulation of TSH receptors on DTC cells, leading to tumor growth. However, the current guidelines recommending TSH suppression are based on low- to m…

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the gold standard for the treatment of large kidney stones but comes with an increased risk of bleeding compared to other treatments, such as ureteroscopy and shock wave lithotripsy. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent that has been used to reduce bleedi…

OBJECTIVES: Bone sarcomas are rare, aggressive tumors with poor outcomes and limited systemic options in advanced stages. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated its efficacy and safety in bone sarcomas using randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for RC…

BACKGROUND: The objective of the present meta-analysis was to estimate the magnitude of survival benefits of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAT) in resectable cancer of the gastric and gastroesophageal junction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Knowledge, Chinese biomedica…

Deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) is an important complication of open thoracic surgery, with a reported incidence of 0.5-6%. Given its association with increased morbidity, mortality, inpatient duration, financial burden, and re-operation rates, an aggressive approach to treatment is mandated. Flap reconstruction ha…

Prosthetic grafts are required for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) when the availability of suitable autologous conduits is limited. The ideal cardiovascular bypass graft requires a broad range of characteristics including strength, viscoelasticity, biocompatibility, blood compatibility and biostability. Many al…

BACKGROUND: This systematic review with meta-analysis aims to evaluate the current evidence comparing antibiotic therapy with the surgical gold standard (appendectomy) for the treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis (UAA) in children and adolescents. METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRI…