4,999,898 papers found

BACKGROUND: Hip fracture is a common serious injury in older people and reducing readmission after hip fracture is a priority in many healthcare systems. Interventions which significantly reduce readmission after hip fracture have been identified and the aim of this review is to collate and summarise the efficacy of th…

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to describe the contemporary evaluation and management of tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma with an emphasis on the clinical features. RECENT FINDINGS: Tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common aggressive subtype. Within the last…

Transcatheter electrosurgery refers to a family of procedures using radiofrequency energy to vaporize and traverse or lacerate tissue despite flowing blood. The authors review theory, simulations, and benchtop demonstrations of how guidewires, insulation, adjunctive catheters, and dielectric medium interact. For tissue…

In recent decades, there has been remarkable growth in scholarship examining the usefulness of community-engaged research (CEnR) and community-based participatory research (CBPR) for eliminating health inequities.This article seeks to synthesize the extant literature of systematic reviews, scoping reviews, and other re…

OBJECTIVE: Recovery, defined as a personal process of living with mental illness, has become a prominent concept in mental health care. We aimed to map the state of the art of conceptualizing recovery, its promoting and impeding factors, recovery-oriented practice, and the assessment of recovery. METHOD: A scoping rev…

Context • Increasing numbers of people worldwide live with a long-term health condition (LTC). Finding new ways to support people diagnosed with LTCs is important, both to improve their health-related quality of life and to manage the demands on health services that their conditions present. This effort includes…

Systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy summarize the accuracy, e.g. the sensitivity and specificity, of diagnostic tests in a systematic and transparent way. The aim of such a review is to investigate whether a test is sufficiently specific or sensitive to fit its role in practice, to compare the accuracy of tw…

Prevention of rebleeding plays an important role in the treatment of hemorrhagic moyamoya disease, because rebleeding results in high mortality and morbidity. We discuss possible treatment for patients with moyamoya disease accompanied with distal choroidal artery aneurysms and review the literature to summarize clinic…

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, about which there has been considerable recent research. The aim of this article is to briefly review the aspects of IBS pathogenesis that involve the gastrointestinal microbiota, and then to critically appraise the re…

BACKGROUND: There has been an interest in the interdisciplinary and multimodality approach that combines chemotherapy and radiation therapy as a preoperative treatment for patients with resectable pancreatic cancer. METHODS: Literature search of databases (Medline and PubMed) to identify published studies of preoperat…

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the differential diagnosis and minimal clinical investigation used prior to making a diagnosis of undifferentiated peripheral inflammatory arthritis (UPIA). METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed for articles published between January 1950 and December 2008 in Medline…

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Low-grade systemic inflammation is considered a hallmark of COPD that potentially links COPD to increased rate of systemic manifestations of the disease. Obesity with/without the metabolic syndrome and cachexia represent…

BACKGROUND: To ensure evidence-based decision making in pediatric oncology systematic reviews are necessary. The objective of our study was to evaluate the methodological quality of all currently existing systematic reviews in pediatric oncology. METHODS: We identified eligible systematic reviews through a systematic…

Systematic reviews of fetal medicine can serve as a tool for translation of research findings from a few expert centres to a wider healthcare specialty. The extent to which reviews of fetal medicine research are systematic and unbiased is not known. In this review of systematic reviews in fetal medicine, we have search…

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Trigeminal autonomic cephalgias (TACs) are characterized by frequent, short-lasting headache attacks with ipsilateral facial autonomic features. They include cluster headache, paroxysmal hemicrania, and short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing. Th…

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review assessed the available published evidence on the efficacy and safety of using trigger point injection (TPI) to treat patients with chronic non-malignant musculoskeletal pain that had persisted for at least 3 months. METHODS: All published systematic reviews or randomized controlled tr…

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the efficacy of invasive and noninvasive brain stimulation for the treatment of chronic pain. METHODS: MEDLINE and other databases were searched as data sources. Reference lists and conference abstracts were examined for further relevant articles.…

Total hip replacement is a major surgical procedure usually associated with significant pain in the early postoperative period. Several anaesthetic and analgesic techniques are in common clinical use for this procedure but, to date, clinical studies of pain after total hip replacement have not been systematically asses…

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of consensus regarding the use of quality scores in diagnostic systematic reviews. The objective of this study was to use different methods of weighting items included in a quality assessment tool for diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS) to produce an overall quality score, and to examine th…

Pharmacogenetic studies in mood disorders are raising increasing interest, after the first findings of a significant association between antidepressant response and a functional polymorphism in the upstream regulatory region of the serotonin transporter gene (SERTPR). However, the results of published studies are not u…