2,589 papers found

BACKGROUND: Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs), including thymomas and thymic carcinomas, are rare malignancies with limited treatment options and no established biomarkers for surveillance. Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) provide a non-invasive method for understanding tumor biology, d…

Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis have become a standard in the treatment of all stages of non-small lung cancer. Beyond tumor-intrinsic biomarkers like PD-L1 expression, evidence points to the role of patient-related factors, such as body mass index, sarcopenia, and cachexia. These body compos…

BACKGROUND: Genomics-based noninvasive prenatal tests (NIPT) allow screening for chromosomal anomalies such as Down syndrome (trisomy 21). The technique uses cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) that circulates in the maternal blood and is detectable from 5 weeks of gestation onwards. Parents who choose to undergo this re…

BACKGROUND: Mastitis is a common reason new mothers visit their general practitioner (GP). In Australia, the Therapeutic Guidelines: Antibiotic provides practical advice to GPs managing a range of infections, including mastitis. It is not known if Australian GPs prescribe antibiotics and order investigations as recomme…

INTRODUCTION: An admission to paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is associated with multiple physical and environmental stressors, often involving many negative and painful oral experiences. Evidence from children with complex medical conditions suggests that feeding difficulties post-PICU stay are common, causing s…

BACKGROUND: Evidence-based public health requires that research provides policymakers with reliable and accessible information reflecting the disease threats. We described the scientific production of research in Cambodia and assessed to what extent it provides appropriate insights and implications for practice to guid…

BACKGROUND: Searching for transgender and gender diverse (TGD) references within large academic databases can be a challenging process, partly due to the dynamic and diverse definitions of words and terminologies used by multiple interest holders. Search hedges are preestablished search strings that aid in the efficacy…

BACKGROUND: Recurrence-free survival has been used as a surrogate endpoint for overall survival in trials involving patients with resected colorectal liver metastases. We aimed to assess the correlation between recurrence-free survival and overall survival after resection of colorectal liver metastases to determine the…

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Anti-aging strategies utilizing stem cells are in the forefront. Alpha and beta defensins are natural immune peptides that have been shown to activate an LGR6-positive stem cell locus in the hair follicle, identified as the source of most new epidermal cells during acute wound healing. We investi…

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are a novel class of drugs that have recently gained popularity for their ability to effectively manage type 2 diabetes mellitus and promote weight loss by delaying gastric emptying. The American Society of Anesthesiologists published consensus-based guidance in 202…

INTRODUCTION: Conducting research in rural and remote areas is compounded by challenges associated with accessing relatively small populations spread over large geographical areas. Open-ended questions provided in a postal survey format are an advantageous way of including rural and remote residents in research studies…

OBJECTIVES: Understand the parental impact of having a baby affected by late-onset group B Strep (LOGBS) infection. Understand the social, mental and financial impact on parents/carers or family members of those affected by LOGBS infection. Investigate family information needs and experiences of information provided.…

INTRODUCTION: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have transformed the treatment landscape for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but their efficacy in older adults remains unclear. The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy of ICI in patients with TNBC aged ≥65 years. MATERIALS…

INTRODUCTION: Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) is seen in primary pancreatic disease but has also been seen in extrapancreatic conditions including celiac disease (CeD). The symptoms of PEI and CeD often overlap, which makes diagnostics challenging. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to invest…

PURPOSE: We assessed the accuracy of quotations in the published literature of the Wound Management of Open Lower Limb Fractures (WOLLF) Randomized Clinical Trial. METHODS: A literature search was performed to identify all citations of WOLLF from 2018 to 2021. Duplicate papers, non-English language papers, textbooks,…

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract stone disease is quite common in the population, and treatment modalities are constantly evolving. Technological advancements in endourology have led to a shift towards more minimally invasive treatments. Nowadays, robotic flexible ureteroscopy is becoming increasingly popular, showing promisi…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether testing positive for human papillomavirus (HPV) before treatment is associated with cervical cancer recurrence and disease-free, cancer-specific, and overall survival and to report the relationship of HPV to cervical cancer histology, stage, grade, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and…

BACKGROUND: The traditional long-term treatment goal of Crohn's disease [CD] is maintenance of corticosteroid-free clinical remission. Additional treatment targets, such as biochemical, endoscopic and patient-reported remission, are advocated. The relapsing-remitting nature of CD provides a challenge to the timing of t…

Preoperative alpha-blockers have been proposed to improve intraoperative outcomes and patient stone-free status after ureteroscopy for ureteral stones.We searched six databases, including Medline, Embase, and Web of Science, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating alpha-blocker use before planned ureteroscop…

AIM: Presented experimental work was aimed to examine a pharmacokinetic efficiency of 0.5% Timolol mixtures with 4 free amino acids, present in conjunctival sac: lysine, arginine, glycine or taurine on the IOP physiological values in rabbits. METHODS: The experimental work was performed on 5 female rabbits of the New…