37,719,988 papers found

PRINCIPLES: Citation metrics are commonly used as a proxy for scientific merit and relevance. Papers published in English, however, may exhibit a higher citation frequency than research articles published in other languages, though this issue has not yet been investigated from a Swiss perspective where English is not t…

This research project investigated the relationships between various working memory (WM) recoding processes and English language skills in a sample of 86 prelingually deaf college students from varied educational backgrounds. Part 1 reports the results of a short-term memory (STM) experiment and a Recoding Strategies q…

Previous research suggests that children learning a variety of languages acquire similar early noun vocabularies and do so by similar and universal processes. We report here results from two studies that show differences in the early noun learning of English- and Japanese-speaking children. Experiment 1 examined the re…

This present investigation reports on the microbial pattern of subgingival plaque from English and Indian subjects living in the West Midlands of England. Subgingival plaque from healthy and diseased sites was studied using darkfield microscopy. The results indicate that significant differences exist in microbial flora…

Working memory (WM) is often poorer for a second language (L2). In low noise conditions, people listening to a language other than their first language (L1) may have similar auditory perception skills for that L2 as native listeners, but do worse in high noise conditions, and this has been attributed to the poorer WM f…

While much prior literature on the meaning of clefts-such as the English form "it is X who Z-ed"-concentrates on the nature and status of the exhaustivity inference ("nobody/nothing other than X Z"), we report on experiments examining the role of the doxastic status of alternatives on the naturalness of-clefts in Frenc…

BACKGROUND: The neural encoding of voicing in speech sounds has been relatively well studied in monolingual, native speakers. Little research, however, has examined neural encoding of aspiration feature in speech sounds or focused on encoding of non-native phonetic features or the effect of noise on processing these fe…

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to analyze an automated voice to text translation device by reporting the translation accuracy for recorded pediatric neurosurgery clinic conversations, classifying errors in translation according to their impact on overall understanding, and comparing the incidence of these erro…

PURPOSE: For bilingual children with developmental language disorder (DLD), language treatment response is the degree to which an individual child progresses in both of their languages. Understanding what predicts language treatment response for an individual child can help clinicians plan treatment more effectively.…

Evaluating the effects of print size and retinal eccentricity on reading speed is important for identifying the constraints faced by people with central-field loss. Previous work on English reading showed that 1) reading speed increases with print size until a critical print size (CPS) is reached, and then remains cons…

PURPOSE: Sequential bilingual children in the United States often speak 2 languages that have different social statuses (minority-majority) and separate contexts for learning (home-school). Thus, distinct factors may support the development of each language. This study examined which child internal and external factors…

This study investigated the relationship between bilingualism and task switching ability using a standardized measure of switching and an objective measure of bilingual language proficiency. Heritage Language (HL) speaking Spanish-English and Mandarin-English bilinguals and English speaking monolinguals completed all f…

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to translate the nursing home adjustment scale (NHAS) from Korean into English and assess its psychometric properties on a sample of nursing home residents in the USA. METHODS: A total of 193 older adults in six nursing homes in the Midwest were included in this study. Reliabilit…

Reading models are largely based on the interpretation of average data from normal or impaired readers, mainly drawn from English-speaking individuals. In the present study we evaluated the possible contribution of orthographic consistency in generating individual differences in reading behavior. We compared the readin…

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop a task to evaluate children's English and Spanish speech perception abilities in either noise or competing speech maskers. METHOD: Eight bilingual Spanish-English and 8 age-matched monolingual English children (ages 4.9-16.4 years) were tested. A forced-choice, picture…

Radiographic examinations of non-English speaking patients need not be difficult. This article describes a communication style of pantomime, translation and touching that radiology department staff can employ to effectively communicate with non-English speaking patients.

When we cross a busy street, we may hear traffic sounds, strangers' conversations, birds chirping, and music all at once. Despite the presence of many possible sounds, we are biased to detect changes to speech over other real-world sounds in our environments. Yet, it is unclear what factors are responsible for listener…